情绪记忆权衡效应:对复杂情绪刺激的记忆  

Emotional Memory Trade-offs Effect:Memory for Complicated Emotional Stimuli

作　　者：邹吉林[1] 周仁来[1,2] 张环[1] 张小聪[1] 罗新玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]儿童发展与学习科学教育部重点实验室(东南大学),南京210096 [2]应用实验心理北京市重点实验室(北京师范大学心理学院),北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2011年第10期1460-1470,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(2011CB711000);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目号:2009SC-3);东南大学儿童发展与学习科学教育部重点实验室开放研究基金资助课题(CDLS-2010-05)资助

摘　　要：情绪记忆研究最近一致发现了情绪记忆权衡效应,即人们对情绪事件的中心或核心特征的记忆增强,而对情绪事件的周围或背景特征的记忆受损。该效应证明情绪记忆具有选择性,情绪唤醒可以诱发出多种记忆选择性效应,并具有相当强的普遍性和稳定性,同时受较多主、客观因素的影响。相关理论逐步深入地阐述了该效应发生的可能机制,该效应在注意分配、编码以及编码后加工上的行为证据不断积累,但相关神经机制研究十分缺乏。未来研究应重视该效应的神经与遗传机制以及探讨面孔情绪诱发的记忆权衡效应等。Recently,researches in emotional memory consistently revealed that memory performance is enhanced for central or core features of emotional events but memory for peripheral or background features is not enhanced and may even be impaired,named emotional memory trade-offs effects or the emotion-induced memory trade-offs effects.The effects suggest that emotional memory have selectivity and emotional arousal may evoke some kinds of memory selectivity effects,which are strongly universal and stable,but impacted by a number of subjective and objective factors in some situations.Some theoretical approaches discussed the potential mechanisms and behavioral evidences in attentional distribution,encoding and post-encoding processes were increasing gradually.However,relevant studies exploring the neural mechanisms are rare.The neural and genetic mechanisms underlying the effects should be emphasized and emotional face expressions-evoked memory trade-offs effects will be discussed in future.

关 键 词：情绪记忆 权衡效应 增强效应 损害效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]