青少年亲子关系与网络成瘾:孤独感的中介作用  

Parents-Adolescents relations and adolescent's Internet Addiciton:the mediaiton effect of Loneliness

作　　者：张锦涛[1] 刘勤学[2,3] 邓林园[4] 方晓义[1,2] 刘朝莹[1] 兰菁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [3]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [4]北京师范大学教育学部学校咨询所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2011年第6期641-647,共7页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170990;81100992);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(10YJCXLX003);北京师范大学青年基金(248-105101).

摘　　要：采用分层整群取样的方法,在北京市九所中学共抽取3766名中学生,要求以匿名方式填写Buchnan等人的亲子亲密度量表、雷雳等人的青少年病理性互联网使用量表和Asher等人的儿童孤独量表,考察青少年的父子关系、母子关系、孤独感与网络成瘾的关系。通过相关分析、结构方程模型等分析方法,结果发现:(1)中学生的网络成瘾率为11.2%,且男生的网络成瘾率显著高于女生的成瘾率;重点中学青少年的网络成瘾率显著低于普通中学和职业中学;(2)中学生的亲子关系与自身的孤独感、网络成瘾均呈显著负相关;而中学生的孤独感与自身的网络成瘾呈显著正相关;(3)父子关系不仅可以直接显著负向预测青少年的网络成瘾程度,而且还可以通过影响青少年的孤独感进而间接地负向预测青少年的网络成瘾;而母子关系只通过影响青少年的孤独感间接地负向预测青少年的网络成瘾。总之,孤独感在中学生父子关系影响自身网络成瘾的关系中起部分中介作用;而在母子关系影响自身网络成瘾的关系中起完全中介作用。A cross-sectional study was conducted in Beijing to explore the relationship between Parents-adolescents relation,loneliness and Internet addiction.3766 middle schools students from 2 key middle schools,5 general middle schools,and 2 vocational schools were asked to report their perceived relationship quality with their father and mother respectively in Buchnan scale of closeness to parents,loneliness in Asher scale loneliness in children and the extent of Internet addiction in Leili scale of adolescent＇s pathologic Internet use.Based on correlation analysis and structure equation models,the results showed that：（1） the incidence of Internet addiction among middle school students in the study was 11.2 percents,with the percents among boys was higher than that of girls,and the percents among key middles schools was lower than that of general and key middle schools.（2） parents-adolescents relationship was negatively associated with their loneliness and Internet addiction,while Loneliness was positively associated with their Internet addiction.（3） Father-adolescents relationship not only has a direct negative effect on Internet addiction,but also has an indirect effect through loneliness.While mother-adolescents relationship just has an indirect negative effect on Internet addiction through loneliness.This results showed the loneliness play a partial mediation effect in the relationship between father-adolescent relationship and Internet addiction and a fully mediation effect in the relationship between mother-adolescent relationship and Internet addiction.

关 键 词：青少年 父子关系 母子关系 网络成瘾 孤独感 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]