电动汽车低速电气制动防抱死功能的研究  

Study on Low-Speed Electric Braking of Electric Vehicle as Antilock Braking System

作　　者：赵国柱[1] 杨正林[2] 李玉芳[2] 魏民祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,江苏南京210031 [2]南京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2012年第1期304-308,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005113);江苏省农机局科研启动基金项目(Gxz10003)

摘　　要：研究电动汽车制动防抱死功能优化问题,电动汽车在冰雪路面上进行纯再生制动时,驱动轮极有可能抱死,从而造成车辆操纵稳定性下降。为解决上述问题,根据驱动电机在基速以下的调速特性,提出了调压调速型电气ABS模型。以单轮电动汽车模型为研究对象,设计了以车轮滑移率为控制目标的滑动模式防滑控制器。在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了电气ABS仿真模型,仿真结果表明所建模型具有良好的稳定性;同时表明制动过程由初期的反接制动、为主体的中期再生制动及后期的反接制动构成;且制动精度明显高于传统ABS。研究结果对电动汽车再生制动系统的设计具有一定的参考价值。The optimization problem about the function of skid prevention of driving wheels of an electric vehicle was studied. Driving wheels are likely to be locked during the vehicle performing only regenerative braking on the ice -snow covered road, thus resulting in the deterioration of its handling and stability. In an attempt to address these problems, based on speed governing characteristics of traction drive motor below its base speed, electric antilock braking system（EABS） by stator variable voltage speed control was proposed. A single-wheel electric vehicle model was the research object. A sliding mode controller was designed through wheel slip ratio as control objective. A computer simulation model of the EABS was established in Matlab/Simulink environment. Simulation results show that this system is of better stability. The braking procedure was composed of a reversal braking action at the early stage, a regenerative braking action at the middle stage being the main part, and an reversal braking action at the end stage. And comparative analysis by simulation shows that it can provide a much higher control accuracy than conventional antilock braking system （ABS）. Research results are of a certain reference value to the design of the regenerative brake system of an electric vehicle.

关 键 词：汽车工程 电气制动防抱死 滑动模式控制 电动汽车 仿真 

分 类 号：U463.52[机械工程—车辆工程]