食源性生物活性肽结构特征与生理活性的研究现状与趋势  

The Status and Trends of Peptide Structural and Physiologycal Characteristics

作　　者：赵谋明[1] 任娇艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学轻工与食品学院,广州510641

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2011年第9期69-81,共13页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31000759);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20100172120024);广东省高等学校高层次人才项目〔粤教师函(2010)79号〕

摘　　要：食源性生物活性肽的研究是目前国际上一个活跃的研究领域。生物活性肽的化学结构信息与其特定的生物活性存在密切联系,肽分子链中氨基酸的组成及序列信息对其生理活性有着重要的影响。食源性生物活性肽主要通过生物酶解技术来制备,而定向酶解控制技术是一个难点。因多数蛋白酶特异性不强,故导致产物活性不突出。同时,蛋白酶解物体系组成复杂(含多聚肽、寡聚肽、游离氨基酸甚至小分子蛋白质),使得生物活性肽的构效关系研究成为难点。本文重点综述了降压肽、抗氧化肽、降胆固醇肽、抗血栓肽、增强记忆肽、减肥肽等几大类生物活性肽的结构特征,就各类肽的生理活性与其氨基酸组成间的联系进行归纳,并对生物活性肽相对分子质量检测技术进行探讨,在此基础上提出本领域的重点发展方向。Peptide research currently is an active research in the food science field.It is believed that there is a close relationship between structural information and some specific biological activity.Amino acid composition and sequence in the polypeptide side chain plays an important role in their biological activity.Biological active peptides were obtained from enzyme hydrolysis which is a difficult point because most of protease with low specificity led to unideal product activity.In addition,the system of protein hydrolysate is complicated（Oligomeric peptides,poly-peptides,free amino acid,and protein with low molecular weight）,which make the study of structure-activity relationship difficulty.In this paper,we summarized the structural characterization,relationship between peptide biological properties and amino acid composition,and detection technology of functional peptides,such as,antihypertensive peptides,antioxidant peptides,cholesterol lowering peptide.Finally,the development direction were raised up.

关 键 词：生物活性肽 高效制备 结构特征 生理活性 

分 类 号：TS201.21[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]