柴油机自适应遗传非线性PID调速控制仿真  

Simulation of Diesel Speed Control System Based on Genetic Algorithm-Nonlinear PID

作　　者：石为人[1] 肖华[1] 刘晶宇 李曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学自动化学院,重庆400030 [2]重庆川仪自动化股份有限公司,重庆400070

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2012年第2期157-161,共5页Computer Simulation

基　　金：重庆市科技攻关项目(CSTC2008AB3049);国家科技部国际科技合作项目(2007DFR10420);重庆市建设科技计划项目(城科字2009第26号)

摘　　要：研究船用柴油机控制优化问题,柴油机调速要求快、稳、准。针对船用柴油机调速系统的时变、非线性及外界干扰等特点,传统PID调速稳定时间长,控制效果不佳。为提高喷油量达到控制准确度,改善调速系统性能,提出了一种柴油机自适应遗传非线性PID调速控制策略。采用Matlab对柴油机调速系统模型进行辨识并验证其准确性。利用非线性PID控制实现各参数增益的实时调整,提高了抗干扰能力,通过自适应遗传算法对系统的动态偏差进行监控,优化非线性PID控制器参数,减少了超调量,提高控制精度。仿真结果表明,采用自适应遗传非线性PID控制器稳定时间更短,鲁棒性强,控制精度更高,优化了柴油机调速系统性能。Aiming at the features of time - varying, non - linearity and different sea conditions of ship diesel engines, the paper presented a new control method which combined nonlinear PID control with adaptive genetic algorithm, and also put it into use in the diesel speed. The system model of marine diesel speed system were identificated based on system identification toolbox in MATLAB. The nonlinear PID controller adjusted the gain parameter foliowing the changing errors and enhanced anti -jamming capability. A new adaptive genetic algorithm was used to monitor the dynamic deviation and optimize the controller parameters of nonlinear PID in the speed control system, which reduced the overshoots and strengthened control accuracy. Compared PID controller with genetic algorithm - nonlinear PID, the simulation shows that the improved control method can achieve better control effects in both dynamic and steady state characteristics, and is more adapted to the non - linearity and time - varying environment such as ship diesel system

关 键 词：模型辨识 自适应遗传算法 非线性 船用增压柴油机 

分 类 号：TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]