黑糯玉米(Zea mays L.ceretina kulesh)穂芯中黑色素的提取工艺研究  

Extraction technology of corncob pigment from black glutinous corn

作　　者：杨岚[1] 张洪姣[1] 赵锐[1] 吕兴强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学化工学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《中国酿造》2012年第2期153-157,共5页China Brewing

摘　　要：鲜食的黑糯玉米的下脚料穂芯,其黑色素含量丰富,原料丰富易得,以黑色素含量作为指标,利用紫外分光光度法,通过单因素试验和正交试验对黑糯玉米芯中色素的提取工艺进行优化筛选。结果表明,该色素为水溶性色素,特征吸收峰大约在511nm处,易溶于稀酸介质中并呈紫黑色;影响提取黑糯玉米芯色素的主次因素为:浸提固液比>浸提温度>浸提时间;优选最佳提取工艺为:粒径120目,浸提液为0.5mol/L盐酸,固液比为1∶20,浸提时间为4h,浸提温度为80℃。在此最佳条件下,黑糯玉米芯色素提取率可达70.2%,二次平行试验证明最佳工艺黑色素含量和浸出率基本稳定,工艺可行。Corncob, scraps from the black glutinous corn, is rich in melanin. The raw materials were abundant and can be got easily. In this paper, optimal extraction technology of melanin from black glutinous corncob was obtained by orthogonal test design method using ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the melanin was water-soluble pigments, whose absorption peaks was about 51 lnm, which was easily soluble in dilute acid and showed deep purple. The factors order that affecting extraction was the ratio of solid to solvent, extraction temperature and extraction time. The optimum technological parameters were as follows：particle size 120 orders, extraction solvent 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid, the ratio of solid to solvent 1： 20, extraction time 4h and the extraction temperature 80℃. Under these conditions, the extraction efficiency of pigment could reach 70.2%. The results of two parallel verification tests showed that the melanin content was stability, therefore, the technology was feasible.

关 键 词：黑糯玉米芯 正交试验 色素含量 紫外分光光度法 

分 类 号：TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]