异养小球藻主要营养成分及氨基酸组成分析  

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Amino Acid Composition of Heterotrophic Chlorella sp.

作　　者：董黎明[1] 汪苹[1] 李金穗[1] 孙阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学食品添加剂与配料北京高校工程研究中心,北京市食品风味化学重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《食品科学》2012年第3期232-237,共6页Food Science

基　　金：环境保护部环保公益性项目(200909029)

摘　　要：测定来自不同产地的4株蛋白核小球藻和2株椭圆小球藻异养培养后的主要营养成分和氨基酸组成,对其营养进行评价,并利用聚类和主成分分析探讨异养小球藻在营养成分和氨基酸含量上的差异。结果显示:异养小球藻主要营养成分均低于文献报导的自养小球藻,4株异养蛋白核小球藻和2株椭圆小球藻必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例分别为34.94%～37.45%和37.70%～38.32%,必需氨基酸指数分别为37.50～49.52和131.89～135.77。影响异养蛋白核小球藻营养品质的限制性氨基酸为色氨酸、苏氨酸和异亮氨酸。聚类分析将4株异养蛋白核小球藻和2株异养椭圆小球藻各归为一类。主成分分析提取出两个主成分因子,主成分1和主成分2的贡献率分别为76.23%和17.80%,累积贡献率达94.03%。Four strains of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and 2 strains of ChloreUa ellipsoidea under heterotrophic culture were analyzed for nutritional components and amino acid composition. Cluster anaiysis and principle component analysis were conducted to distinguish the differences among the heterotrophic strains of ChloreUa sp.. The results showed that the contents of main nutritional components of the heterotrophic strains of ChloreUa sp. were lower than previously reported results for autotrophic Chlorella sp.. The ratios of essential to total amino acids of the strains of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlorella ellipsoidea were 34.94%-- 37.45% and 37.70% -- 38.32%, and the essential amino acid indexes 37.50 -- 49.52 and 131.89 -- 135.77, respectively. The limiting amino acids affecting the nutritional quality of 4 strains of ChloreUa pyrenoidosa were Trp, Thr and Ile. The results of cluster analysis indicated that 4 strains of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and 2 strains of Chlorella ellipsoidea could be assigned to two different clusters according to the contents of nutritional components and amino acids. Two principal components were extracted to reveal a contribution rate of 76.23% for the first principle component and 17.80% for the second principle component. The cumulative contribution rate of the principal components was up to 94.03%.

关 键 词：异养小球藻 营养成分 氨基酸 聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q517[生物学—生物化学]