3～5岁儿童基于能力特质进行信任判断的策略及其发展  

The Development of the 3-to 5-year-olds’ Strategies When Making Trust Judgment Based on Trustee’s Competence

作　　者：李庆功[1] 徐芬[2] 周小梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学心理系,金华321004 [2]浙江理工大学理学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2012年第2期140-144,共5页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170996);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y2110369)

摘　　要：研究采用对偶选择的范式考察了3～5岁儿童基于能力特质进行信任判断的策略。让144名3～5岁儿童在面对能力强和不挑食这两类人时做出信任判断。结果发现3～4岁儿童的信任判断受老师评价偏向的影响,他们的信任选择与老师评价偏向一致。5岁儿童的信任判断则不受老师评价偏向的影响。这些结果表明3～4岁儿童信任判断的策略是依据特质效价,5岁儿童的策略是依据特质意义。The current study investigated the strategies that 3-to 5-year-olds used to make trust judgment based on trustee’s competence, by interviewing them with a story. A total of 144 children aged 3-5 years were asked to make trust judgment when facing two different kinds of kids in the story, one was competent and the another was not choosy in food. Before making judgment, a teacher would give her evaluation to the two kids, which occurred on two conditions： condition 1, teacher’s evaluation was in favor of competent kid and the teacher thought the competent kid performed better than the not-choosy-food one. Condition 2 went opposite： teacher’s evaluation was in favor of the not-choosy-food kid. The results showed that 3-to 4-year-olds were affected by teacher’s evaluation when making trust judgment, while 5-year-olds weren’t. These results suggested that 5-year-olds made trust judgment based on trustee’s competence by trait understanding, while 3-to 4-year-olds made trust judgment by trait valence.

关 键 词：信任 能力特质 特质理解 策略使用 学前儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]