我国食物维生素A强化水平的风险评估  

Risk assessment of fortification level for vitamin A in food in China

作　　者：韩军花[1] 李晓瑜[2] 李艳平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021 [2]卫生部卫生监督中心标准处

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2012年第4期294-298,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：基金项目：达能膳食营养研究与宣教基金（DIC2010-05）

摘　　要：目的利用风险评估的原则和方法，探讨自愿性强化时食物中维生素A的最高强化水平。方法利用我国2002年全国营养调查得到的68962名中国居民膳食营养素摄入量调查数据，应用欧洲部分国家推荐的最高强化水平（MSFL）的计算模型，按不同经济发展水平、年龄、性别分层分析，计算不同经济发展水平下不同年龄及性别人群食物维生素A的最高强化水平，并与我国相关标准进行对比。结果从全国平均结果来看，≥50岁女性MSFL（2011．5ugRE／1000kJ）最高，14～17岁男性MSFL（1078．5ugRE／1000kJ）最低。孕妇的MSFL为1066．8ugRE／1000kJ。从不同地区的计算结果看，除大城市14～17岁男性和女性的MSFL（分别为997．3和879．1ugRE／1000kJ）较低外，不同地区各年龄组人群维生素A最高强化水平均在1000～2000ugRE／1000kJ之间。按照最低的MSFL值折算，植物油、小麦粉、大米、调制乳、饼干、豆奶粉、学龄前儿童乳粉、孕产妇乳粉的最大强化量分别为33063、12650、12729、1987、15929、15411、20642、17920ugRE／kg，均高于我国现行幽家标准中维生素A的强化量。结论我国目前关于维生素A的强化水平是安全的，不会因为食用强化食品而使人群维生素A摄入过量。Objective To study the highest levels for vitamin A voluntary fortification in food by using the principles and methods of risk assessment. Methods The dietary nutrient intake data of 68 962 subjects from ＂Survey on the Status of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese People＂ in 2002 were analyzed to calculate the highest fortification level of vitamin A in different groups stratified by age, sex and economic development level, using maximum safe fortification level （MSFL） model recommended by European countries. The results were compared with the current national standards of China. Results The overall results showed that women aged ≥50 years had the highest MSFL（2011.5 ugRE/1000 k J）and the men aged 14- 17 years had the lowest MSFL （1078.5 ugRE/1000 kJ）. The MSFL for pregnant women was 1066.8 ugRE/1000 kJ. The results in different areas showed that men and women aged 14 - 17 years in large city had lower MFSL（997.3 and 879. 1 ugRE/1000 kJ respectively） , the MSFL in other groups in different areas were between 1000 -2000 ugRE/1000 kJ. After conversion using the lowest MSFL, the highest fortification levels for vegetable oil, wheat flour, rice, modified milk, biscuit, soybean powder, milk powder for preschool children, milk powder for pregnant and lactating women were 33 063,12 650,12 729, 1987,15 929,15 411,20 642,17 920 ugRE/kg respectively, higher than the current fortified level in national standard. Conclusion The current fortification levels in foods are safe and the risk of over intake of vitamin A from fortified food is very low.

关 键 词：维生素A 食物 强化 危险性评估 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]