论洪堡的大学教学思想  

Humboldt's Theory on Teaching in Higher Education

作　　者：熊华军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学教育学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《高等理科教育》2012年第1期156-162,共7页Higher Education of Sciences

摘　　要：在洪堡看来,大学教学的目的是培养出具有创造精神的人,具体来说是有修养的"完人"。因为科学是最适合培养"完人"的材料,所以大学是科学共同体。由此,为了培养出"完人","由科学达致修养"是大学教学的目的。为了实现这个目的,大学教师应是学者,大学教学内容要围绕纯科学设置,大学教学方法要实现"教—研—学"的统一。可见,创造理性是洪堡大学教学思想的规定,这成就了他的历史地位,也成就了柏林大学的历史地位。Abstract： In Humboldt ~s opinion, the purpose of higher education is to cultivate talent with creative spirit who is cultured as ＂ Perfect Man＂ . Because science is the most situable tool of cultivating ＂ Perfect Man＂, so the university is a community of science. Therefore, in order to cultivate ＂ Perfect Man＂, the pur- pose of higher education is to ＂ Achieve Cultivation by Science＂ . In order to achieve this zoal. the universi-ty teachers should be scholars, the content of courses should centre on pure science, and the teaching meth- ods should realize the unification of ＂ Teaching - Researching - Learning＂ . It is clear that creative rationality is the rule of Humboldt~ theory on teaching in Higher Education. This theory not only leads to Humboldt＇s his- torical role, but also the success of University of Berlin in history.

关 键 词：洪堡 大学教学 学者 完人 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]