大客车紧急制动乘客约束系统的仿真研究  

Simulation Study of Bus Occupant Restraint System in Emergency Brake

作　　者：葛如海[1] 胡满江[1] 许栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2012年第6期214-216,共3页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：利用碰撞仿真分析软件MADYMO,建立了包括客车车体、安全带和假人的乘客约束系统正面碰撞模型,求解后得到乘员头部、胸部伤害响应曲线和HIC、胸部3ms加速度、胸部压缩量等损伤值。与实车碰撞试验结果进行对比可知,模型较真实地反映了碰撞试验过程。然后建立了客车紧急制动乘客伤害评价体系,并利用上述模型在近似减速度的假设下,对客车紧急制动工况进行仿真计算,得到了不同形式的安全带及座椅倾角与乘员损伤值的关系。通过仿真分析可知,在紧急制动时,三点式安全带对乘员具有较好的保护效果,同时增大座椅坐垫倾角可以减少乘员损伤值。The bus occupant constraint system model is established based on software called MADYMO for front impact simulation,the system consists of bus body,safety belts and a dummy.After adjusting the model,the response curves for occupant head and chest injury and injury values such as HIC,T3ms and Thpc are got,the impact test process is reported factually through the model after being contrasted with the vehicle impact test.Then the injury estimate system of bus occupant in emergency brake is established and the model is used to compute the simulation of bus emergency brake with the assumption of assumptive approximate decelerate speed.And different types of safety belts and cushion angles related to injury values are got.Simulation analyzing reveals that three-point safety belts can protect occupant better and augmenting the cushion angle can reduce occupants’injury values.

关 键 词：客车 正面碰撞 紧急制动 MADYMO 乘员约束 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U461[机械工程—车辆工程]