品种和种植密度对玉米产量及青贮品质的影响  

Effects of Cultivar and Planting Density on Maize Yield and Nutritional Quality of Corn Silage

作　　者：张鹏[1] 雷赵民[1] 张昌吉[1] 杨博[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2012年第2期125-129,共5页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目"玉米秸秆饲料化优势发酵乳酸菌选育及生物添加剂研究"(GNSW-2010-05);甘肃省玉米秸秆饲料化利用专项(2130106-科技推广)

摘　　要：【目的】研究品种和种植密度对玉米产量和青贮发酵后营养品质的影响。【方法】选用富农1号、酒125号、中单2号3个玉米品种为试验材料,设计90 000、82 500、75 000、67 500、60 000、52 500株/hm2 6个种植密度,玉米籽实乳浆线达到1/2时收割,测定全株玉米的产量,并进行青贮发酵处理,测定青贮营养品质。【结果】结果表明:①3个品种比较:富农1号的产量和青贮营养品质最好,中单2号的产量高于酒125号,但青贮营养品质低于酒125号。②不同密度比较:富农1号90 000株/hm2的产量、干物质、粗纤维最高,82 500株/hm2果穗重、粗蛋白最高;酒125号90 000株/hm2产量最高,82 500株/hm2果穗重最高,60 000株/hm2干物质、粗纤维最高,67 500株/hm2粗蛋白最高;中单2号67 500株/hm2产量最高,82 500株/hm2果穗重最高,75 000株/hm2干物质最高,90 000株/hm2粗蛋白最高、60 000株/hm2hm2粗纤维最高。③综合考虑玉米产量和干物质,富农1号和酒125号密度90 000株/hm2最好,中单2号75 000株/hm2最好。【结论】品种和密度对玉米产量和青贮营养品质均有显著的影响(P<0.05),适当地增加种植密度可以提高玉米的产量和青贮品质。[Objective] The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of cultivar and planting density on corn yield and nutritional quality of silage. [Method] Three maize varieties （FN1, J125 and ZD2） were grown under six planting densities （90 000, 82 500, 75 000, 67 500, 60 000 and 52 500 plants/hm^2） in this experiment. Biomass yield and nutritional quality of whole- plant corn silage were determined when the milk-line reach 1/2. [Results] The results showed that： （1） FN1 was the best maize cultivar in the three varieties of nutritional quality of silage. The yield of ZD2 was higher than J125, however, its nutritional quality was lower than J125; （2） The FN1 had a highest yield, ear yield and CP when planting density was respectively 90 000, 82 500, 67 500 plants/hm^2 ; The ZD2 had a highest yield, DM, CP and CF when planting density was re- spectively 67 500, 82 500, 75 000, 90000 and 60000 plants/hm^2 ; （3） The best planting density of FN1 and J125 was 90000 plants/hm62 which owned a best maize yield and nutritional quality, while ZD2 was 75 000 plants/hm^2. [Conclusion] Cultivar and planting density had a significantly effect on maize yield and nutritional quality （P〈0.05）. The corn yield and nutritional quality of silage could improve when increase the planting density slightly.

关 键 词：玉米青贮 品种 密度 产量 营养品质 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]