冲突情境中青少年的亲社会意图：预期重要他人观点的影响  

Adolescents’ Prosocial Intention in Conflict Situations: The Effect of Anticipated Significant Others’ Viewpoint

作　　者：张庆鹏[1,2] 刘静丽[1,3] 黄慧[1] 黎洁[1] 寇彧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [2]广州大学公共管理学院,广州510006 [3]新东方教育科技集团,北京100080

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2012年第4期368-375,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(10JJDXLX002);国家自然科学基金项目(71071021);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI36B03)

摘　　要：青少年在特定情境下的亲社会意图受到重要他人的影响,而预期重要他人观点的影响更为明显。本研究借助假设的冲突情境,考查了327名青少年(男生146人,女生181人)对重要他人的观点的预期及其对亲社会意图的影响。结果发现,青少年的亲社会意图与其预期的重要他人观点的偏离程度随着情境的不同而发生变化,在"个人健康—他人健康"、"个人学业—他人学业"、"人际关系—诚实品质"三种冲突情境中,青少年的行为意图分别与预期的父母、教师、同伴的观点偏离度最小。预期重要他人观点对亲社会意图的影响受到青少年对相应观点认可度的调节,在高认可度水平上,预期重要他人观点正向预测亲社会意图;在低认可度水平上,上述预测作用并未显现。该结果表明不同重要他人对青少年的影响是相对独立的,且受到生活事件领域的制约。Significant others affected adolescents＇ prosocial intention in particular situation. Moreover, the effect of anticipated others＇ viewpoint and attitude is more significant. This study investigated the role of adolescents＇ anticipated others＇ viewpoint in prosocial intention in the assumptive dilemmas. The result demonstrated that the degree of deviation between adolescents＇ prosocial intention and anticipated others＇ viewpoint changed with different conflict situations types differently. Adolescents＇ prosocial intention and anticipated parents＇ viewpoint showed the minimum degree of deviation in the conflict situation of ＂one＇ s own health vs. other people＇ s health＂, while the minimum degree of deviation between their prosocial intention and anticipated teachers＇ viewpoint appeared in the situation of ＂one＇ s own study vs. other people＇ s study＂. Then came the minimum deviate degree between adolescents＇ prosocial intention and anticipated peers＇ viewpoint, which existed in the situation of ＂interpersonal relationship vs. honest quality＂. Adolescents＇ approval degree in significant others＇ viewpoint moderated the relation between anticipated others＇ viewpoint and their prosocial intention, when adolescents highly agreed with anticipated significant others＇ viewpoint, this viewpoint positively predicted their prosocial intention. When they were less likely to agree with anticipated significant others＇ viewpoint, the predictive effect of this viewpoint didn＇ t exsit. The results indicated that adults and peers influenced adolescents separately, and the influence was restricted by life events field.

关 键 词：青少年 冲突情境 亲社会意图 重要他人 观点预期 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]