葡萄糖调节受损患者膳食营养状况调查分析  

Dietary survey and nutrition analysis in IGR patients

作　　者：吴晓娜[1] 崔越[1] 邓波[1] 杨咏涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院临床营养科,成都610072

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2012年第15期3796-3797,3803,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省卫生厅课题(303005002239065)

摘　　要：目的评价葡萄糖调节受损患者的膳食质量,为膳食干预提供理论依据。方法从常规健康体检中选取符合空腹血糖受损(IFG)和/或糖耐量减低(IGT)的患者63例(统称为葡萄糖调节受损IGR),其中男性29例,女性34例,根据体质指数(BMI)分为正常体型组38例(BMI 21.0±1.11),超重体型组25例(BMI 26.6±0.95)。采用食物频率问卷法和膳食史法相结合,分析患者的膳食能量、三大产热营养素摄入量及来源比例。结果正常体型组能量、碳水化合物摄入量与标准供给量相比差异无统计学意义(P﹤0.05),但其摄入量均超过标准供给量10%以上;蛋白质摄入量低于标准供给量10%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);脂肪摄入量超过标准供给量10%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。在营养素来源分配比例中,谷类食物、动物性蛋白质、动物性脂肪和植物性脂肪摄入量均超过标准供给量,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);非谷类食物和植物性蛋白质摄入量低于标准供给量,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。超重体型组能量、碳水化合物和脂肪摄入量均超过标准供给量,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。在营养素来源分配比例中,谷类食物、动物性脂肪和植物性脂肪摄入量均超过标准供给量,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);非谷类食物和植物性蛋白摄入量均低于标准供给量10%;动物性蛋白摄入量超过标准供给量10%。两组的胆固醇摄入量均高于300 mg/d,膳食纤维摄入量明显低于推荐剂量20～35 g/d。结论糖调节受损患者膳食结构不合理,需要科学合理的营养干预。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the dietary quality of the IGR patients. METHODS Divided 63 IGR patients into two groups on the basis of BMI： the normal body group with 38 cases whose BMI was 21.0±1.11; and the overweight body group with 25 cases whose BMI was 26.6±0.95. We used the food frequency questionnaire method combined with 24h review method to evaluate the energy and major nutrients intakes, the source of energy-producing nutrients, and the proportion of energy produce from the diets. RESULTS In the normal body group, energy and carbohydrate intake exceeded the suitable range by 10%, fat intake was higher than the standard （P 〈 0.05 ）, and protein intake was lower than the standard （P 〈 0.05）. Intakes of the cere- al foods, animal protein, animal fat and plant fat were higher than the standards （P 〈 0.05 ） ;Non-cereal foods and vegetable protein intakes were lower than the standard （P 〈 0.05）. In the overweight body group, the energy, carbohydrate and fat in- takes were higher than the standards （P 〈 0.05）. Intakes of the cereal foods, animal protein, animal fat and plant fat were higher than the standards （P 〈 0.05） ; Non-cereal foods and vegetable protein intakes were below the suitable range by 10%, animal protein intake exceeded the suitable range by 10%. In the two groups, the cholesterol intakes were higher than 300mg/ d, the dietary fiber intakes were lower than 20-35g/d. CONCLUSION The dietary compositions are unreasonable in IGR pa- tients. Nutrition interventions are needed for these patients.

关 键 词：葡萄糖调节受损 膳食调查 营养分析 

分 类 号：R153.9[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]