屠宰废水微生物处理活性污泥变化规律探究  

Research on Variation of Activated Sludge in the Treatment of Microorganism in Slaughter Wastewater

作　　者：刘芳[1] 方春玉[1] 周健[1] 明红梅[1] 余欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川理工学院生物工程学院,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《食品与发酵科技》2012年第4期59-63,共5页Food and Fermentation Science & Technology

基　　金：肉类加工四川省重点实验室项目(10R08);四川省应用基础项目(2010JY0081)

摘　　要：探究屠宰废水好氧微生物处理过程中活性污泥的变化规律。对屠宰废水好氧微生物处理系统进行启动和运行,考察两个阶段活性污泥的形态特征、微生物变化以及废水处理效果。在反应器启动初期,污泥呈松散的棉絮状,微生物以球菌为主,废水处理效率低于40%。启动第4d,小的颗粒污泥形成,启动第7d,活性污泥基本成熟,颜色为褐色,球状,形状规则,直径约为1.1-2.4mm,微生物以杆菌为主,另有少量酵母菌和霉菌,此时废水处理效果为CODcr去除率达75%,并趋于稳定。启动完成进行连续进水的运行阶段,颗粒污泥无形状、大小变化,颜色变为淡黄色,表面略为光滑,微生物仍以细菌为主,占90%,酵母菌占7%,霉菌占2%,其它为丝状微生物,细菌仍以G+杆菌居多,后期出现了少量的纤毛虫等原生动物。废水处理后出水水质指标的去除率分别为CODcr≥90%、TP≥89%、TN≥60%,出水水质较稳定。细菌为屠宰废水处理系统的优势菌群,其中G+杆菌比例较大,另有少量的酵母菌和霉菌存在。Variation of activated sludge was researched in the treatment process of aerobic microorganism in slaughter wastewater. During the operating and running treatment system of aerobic microorganism in slaughter wastewater, the characteristics of activated sludge, variation of microorganism and effectiveness of wastewater treatment had been ex- plored in the two stages. In the early start stage of the reactor, the sludge was presenting in loose cotton wool; coc- cus became the main microorganism and wastewater treatment efficiency was below 40%. On the forth day, small particles of sludge became formation. On the 7th day, activated sludge had riped; the color was brown; the formation was spherical and in regular shape and in a diameter of about 1.1-2.4mm. Bacillus becomed the main microorganism and along with yeast and mould. At this time, wastewater treatment efficiency had showed removal rate of 75% of CODer and in a stabilized status. When reaching the continuous water of the operation stage, granular sludge showed no changes in shape and size, and its surface showed slightly smooth, and the color became light yellow. Bacteria was still main microorganism and accounting for 90%, and yeast accounting for 7% and mould 2%, and the others were the filamentous microorganisms, and mostly bacteria was still G＋ bacillus, and other protozoa, such as a small amount of ciliates appear in the late stage. The water quality indicators of treated wastewater were in stable quality, and the re-moval rates were CODcr≥90%, TP≥89% and TN≥60%. The bacteria is dominant microflora in the treatment sys-tem of slaughter wastewater, G^＋ bacillus account for a larger proportion, and a small amount of yeast and mould.

关 键 词：桑椹 果醋 发酵 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TS251[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]