真空包装酱猪肝中污染微生物的分离鉴定和抑菌研究  

Isolation and Identification of Spoilage Microorganisms in Vacuum-packaged Sauced Pork Liver and the Antimicrobial Study

作　　者：马含笑[1] 李春[1,2] 周晓宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学化学化工学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]北京理工大学生命学院,北京100081

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2012年第8期204-210,共7页Food Research and Development

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"食品添加剂制造关键技术研究"(2011BAD23B01);"1万吨/年富含蛋白质发酵残渣高值化利用技术及示范"(2011BAC11B06)

摘　　要：对腐败酱猪肝中的污染微生物进行分离培养和纯化,筛选到最适培养基结晶紫中性红胆盐葡萄糖琼脂培养基VRBGA,得到了3种不同的污染微生物。经16S rDNA鉴定,一株球菌为血居吸虫肠球菌,两株杆菌分别为普通变形杆菌和猪粪便细菌。污染微生物的单一防腐剂研究表明,对血居吸虫肠球菌,Nisin、聚赖氨酸、单辛酸甘油酯和壳聚糖具有较好的抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度分别为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.2 mg/mL;对普通变形杆菌,脱氢醋酸钠、单辛酸甘油酯、D-异抗坏血酸和壳聚糖具有较好的抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度分别为0.8、0.4、0.6、0.2 mg/mL;对猪粪便细菌,脱氢醋酸钠、单辛酸甘油酯和壳聚糖具有较好的抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度分别为1、0.8、0.2 mg/mL。壳聚糖和单辛酸甘油酯能同时有效抑制腐败酱猪肝中的3种污染微生物。Spoilage microorganisms from septic sauced pork liver were isolated, and three different contaminated microorganisms were obtained. The optimal medium crystal violet neutral red bile glucose agar VRBGA was selected. The three strains, one strain of coccus was identified to be Enterococcus sanquinicola, and two strains of bacillus were Proteus vulgaris and Swine manure bacterium, respectively, by method of 16S rDNA analysis. Antimicrobial study of single preservative for contaminated microorganisms showed that Nisin, polylysine, glycerol monocaprylate and chitosan possessed high antimicrobial effect for Enterococeus sanquinicola, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. Sodium dehydroacetate, glycerol monocaprylate, D-isoascorbic acid and chitosan had high antimicrobial effect for Proteus vulgaris, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.8, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. Sodium dehydroacetate, glycerol monocaprylate and chitosan possessed high antimicrobial effect for Swine manure bacterium, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 1, 0.8 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. Preservatives that have high antimicrobial effect simultaneously for three strains were chitosan and glycerol monocaprylate.

关 键 词：腐败 酱猪肝 16S RDNA 抑菌 真空包装 

分 类 号：TS251.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]