350km/h以上高速列车观光区噪声特性及其评价研究  

Characteristics and Evaluation of Noises in the Tourist Cabin of a Train Running at More than 350 km/h

作　　者：张捷[1] 肖新标[1] 王谛[1] 周仲荣[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2012年第10期23-29,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：教育部创新团队(IRT1178;SWJTU12ZT01);铁道部科技研究与发展计划(2010J001-C);四川省科技支撑计划(2010GZ0226);国家科技支撑计划(2009BAG12A01-B06)

摘　　要：基于现场测试,对350～400km/h速度下的高速列车车内观光区噪声特性进行分析,明确了350km/h以上区域车内噪声的动态特性及其随速度的变化规律。在考虑对其评价时,由于国内外对高速列车的噪声评价还没有统一标准,目前基本在沿用A声级。但是,A声级在噪声测量和评价中存在不足。为了研究A声级能否作为高速列车车内噪声评价的合理指标,以及其他噪声评价指标对高速列车车内噪声评价的可行性,采用不同噪声评价指标对350km/h以上高速列车车内噪声进行评价研究。研究结果表明:350km/h以上高速列车车内观光区噪声具有显著的中低频特性,采用A声级评价会低估车内噪声的影响程度,选择响度、噪度、NR曲线和RC曲线等噪声评价指标作为辅助,可以更准确地体现司乘人员对高速列车车内噪声的主观感受。本文的相关研究结果可为高速列车车内噪声评价标准的制定提供依据。On the basis of field measurements,the characteristics of noises in the tourist cabin of a high-speed train running at the speeds from 350 km/h to 400 km/h were analyzed.The dynamic characteristics of the interior noises and the law of their changing with speeds were made clear.Our main concern is how to evaluate the effect of noises on human hearing when a train runs at more than 350 km/h.At present,there are no unified criteria for evaluation of high-speed train noises both at home and abroad,so the A-weighted sound level continues to be adopted generally.However,the A-weighted sound level has deficiencies in noise measurement and evaluation.In order to study whether the A-weighted sound level was suitable or some other noise evaluation indexes were feasible for interior noise evaluation of a high-speeds train,different noise evaluation indexes were applied in evaluating interior noises of a train running at more than 350 km/h.The research results indicate as follows： Noises inside the tourist cabin of a high-speed train running at more than 350 km/h are dominated by low and middle frequencies;the effect of such noises will be underestimated when using the A-weighted sound level in evaluation;auxiliary noise evaluation indexes inclusive of the loudness,noisiness,NR curve and RC curve are selected so as to achieve more accurate reflection of the subjective feelings of crew members and passengers.This paper provides a basis for working out new proper noise evaluation criteria for high-speed trains.

关 键 词：高速列车 车内噪声 A声级 评价指标 

分 类 号：U260.16[机械工程—车辆工程]