朱熹与闽南多元宗教  

Zhu-xi and Southern Fujian Multi-religions

作　　者：林振礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院闽南文化生态研究中心,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《泉州师范学院学报》2012年第5期1-8,14,共9页Journal of Quanzhou Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"闽南泉州多元宗教和谐共处探源"(11BZJ036)

摘　　要：闽南素称"佛国",为多元宗教聚集之地。朱熹初仕任泉州同安县主簿,晚年出知漳州,与闽南多元宗教有着千丝万缕的关系。仕泉之前,朱熹所学杂驳,既受孔孟学说和二程理学的熏陶,又曾问禅学佛,访道焚修。同安任初,朱熹也曾沉浸于佛道。然而,通过从同安一县及泉州一郡透视整个南宋社会政治、经济、文化现实,使其接受李侗之教而"逃禅归儒"。泉州之"胡贾建层楼"(伊斯兰教寺)事件为朱熹应对禅佛教、摩尼教的挑战提供了借鉴。朱熹对于摩尼教(明教),仕泉偶涉,知漳则禁。总之,朱熹之于闽南多元宗教,兼融而不宽容。Southern Fujian, well-known as a Buddhism realm, is the convergent area of multi-religions. Zhu-xi was Tongan county registrar of Quanzhou prefecture during his early official career, while at his old age he chaired as magistrate of Zhangzhou prefecture, from which to form countless ties with southern Fujian multi-religions. Before securing his official position in Quanzhou, Zhu-xi had an intermixed learning：not only being edified by Confucius, Mencius, and idealist philosophy of the two Mr. Chen,but also often consulted Buddhist, visited the temples and practiced Buddhism. At the early stage of his official position in Tongan, Zhu-xi once indulged himself in Buddhism, nevertheless due to the political, economic and cultural reality of the whole Southern Song dynasty society as eye- viewed from Tongan county and Quanzhou prefecture, which made him get divorced from Buddhism and be re-affiliated to Confucius. The incident of Hu-jia^s setting up multi-storey building （Islamic temple） in Quanzhou provided references for him to deal with the challenges from Buddhism along with Manichean. Zhu-xi occasionally got involved with southern Fujian Manichean （Zoroastrianism） during his official career in Quanzhou, nevertheless when he took charge of Zhangzhou as magistrate he forbade it. In conclusion, Zhu-xi dealt with southern Fujian Multi-religions in a way of merging them but not of tolerating them.

关 键 词：朱熹 闽南 佛教 道教 伊斯兰教 摩尼教 兼融 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]