儿童即时加工道德情境图片的眼动特征  

Primary School Children's Eye Movement Characteristics During Their Immediate Processing of Moral-situational Pictures

作　　者：施霄霞[1] 郑信军[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234 [2]温州大学教师教育学院,温州325035

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第5期1131-1136,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题项目(09CGJY006YB)的资助

摘　　要：以16名小学五年级儿童为被试,运用眼动追踪实验法考察他们在加工不同情境、情绪效价和人物角色图片时的眼动特征。结果表明:加工道德情境图片时,被试的注视时长、注视点个数和平均瞳孔直径均显著小于非道德情境图片;加工正性情绪图片时,上述三项指标也均显著小于负性情绪图片;图中人物角色与情境因素的交互作用在注视时长、注视点个数两项眼动指标上均有显著体现;这些儿童对负性情绪人物和道德行为接受者存在注意偏向。The study is to explore whether there are any physiological differences when children watch moral and immoral situational pictures and whether these physiological differences are also influenced by the emotional factors and personas of the pictures. A 2 ×2 ×2 factorial repeated experimental design was applied in the current study. Sixteen primary school students of grade five participated in the eye movement experiment, in which their eye movement tracks were recorded when they were showed dissimilar pic- tures with varied situations, emotions and different characters. There were moral and immoral situations, positive and negative emo- tions, AOI 1 and AOI 2 characters. AOI 1 refers to the left person in immoral - situational pictures and the sponsor of moral behavior in moral - situational pictures, while AOI 2 refers to the right person in amoral - situational pictures and the recipient of moral behavior in moral- situational pictures. We selected fixation length, fixation count and average pupil diameter as dependent variables, and the score of empathy as a covariant. The experiment was conducted one by one. All participants were asked to sit in a chair before the display with the distance of about 65cm. In the pilot experiment, we presented the pictures and read the instruction to the participants. The instruction was Please watch the centre of the screen in which a picture will appear. You should look at it carefully, remember it, and at the same time judge whether the event in the picture is related to morality. Report your answer loudly when the picture disappeared. If it is related to morality, you should say yes, while it is unrelated, you should say lao： Do you understand？＂ After the preparative picture was presented, we esti- mated the performance of the participant to make sure that he or she could go on with the formal experiment. In the formal experiment, 4 different pictures were randomly shown. Every participant judged whether the event in the picture was related to morality, and reporte

关 键 词：眼动 道德情境图片 道德情绪 即时加工 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]