弗雷格的思想理论  

Reformulation of Frege's Theory of Thoughts

作　　者：陈波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系 [2]北京大学外国哲学研究所

出　　处：《哲学分析》2012年第5期18-31,197,共14页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地(北京大学外国哲学研究所)项目“对克里普克语言哲学的系统性质疑和对一种新理论的建构”的研究成果(项目批准号:11JJD720001)

摘　　要：可以把弗雷格的思想理论概括为10个论题:思想是直陈句或疑问句的涵义;思想有真假,若为真就永远为真;思想有结构:主目—函数结构和复合结构;思想不属于外部世界,它是非物质的和不可感知的;思想不属于内心世界,它是公共可分享的;思想属于第三域:独立自存,不占时空,因果惰性,永恒实体;思想可以被人理解和把握;判定思想的同一性至少有两个标准;思想通过作用人的内心世界,影响人的意志,从而作用于外部世界;思想的客观性可以确保逻辑和数学的客观性。This paper focuses on reformulating Frege's theory of thoughts,which is supposed to be an alternative to psychologism,as the following 10 theses.A thought is the sense of an assertoric sentence or of a propositional question.Thoughts have truth-values,and they are true forever once they are true.Thoughts are structured:argument-function structure and compound structures.Thoughts do not belong to the external world,because they are immaterial and imperceptible.Thoughts do not belong to the inner world,because they are shareable by different people.Thoughts belong to the third realm,because they are mind-independent,non-spatial,non-temporal and causally inert,and they are eternal entities.Thoughts can be apprehended and grasped by people.There are at least two criteria for the sameness of thought.Thoughts have some effects on the inner worlds of people,encroach on the sphere of the will,and then produce changes in the external world.The objectivity and generality of thoughts can guarantee the objectivity and generality of logic.

关 键 词：弗雷格 反心理主义 思想 外部世界 内心世界 第三域 

分 类 号：B516[哲学宗教—外国哲学]