浓香型白酒窖泥微生物群落PLFA指纹图谱方法  

PLFA Fingerprint Method for Assessing Microbial Communities of Strong Aromatic Liquor Pit Mud

作　　者：刘琨毅[1,2] 卢中明 郑佳[1] 赵金松[1] 黄钧[1] 周荣清[1,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻纺与食品学院,成都610065 [2]宜宾职业技术学院生物与化工工程系,宜宾644003 [3]国家固态酿造工程技术研究中心,泸州64600 [4]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2012年第5期831-837,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.31171742);四川省重大科技攻关项目(No.09ZC0735)资助~~

摘　　要：针对白酒发酵过程中窖泥微生物群落的特殊性,以不同类型泥土和常见酿酒微生物为研究对象,构建了研究浓香型白酒窖泥微生物群落的磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)指纹图谱法.结果表明:不同类型样品PLFA指纹图谱的显著差异(P<0.05)体现为样品PLFA的组成及含量受其生理及环境条件的影响,发生了显著的变化(花园和路旁泥土的真菌与细菌特征PLFA的比值分别为0.30和0.66,均小于1,而窖泥为1.17);5种常见微生物纯培养物加入窖泥后使得与其类型相对应的特征PLFA含量变化显著(添加SICC1.13的窖泥中a14:0增加了1.44倍,CICC20633使a16:0增加了9.92倍,SICC3398使18:2ω6,9增加了82.58倍,SICC31482使18:2ω6,9增加了90.33倍,添加DH5α的窖泥中检出了cy17:0)(P<0.05);应用主成分分析(PCA)揭示了窖泥中加入不同微生物菌株后其特征PLFA的组成及含量的变化规律.研究佐证了PLFA指纹图谱法是一种表征酿酒过程微生物群落指纹图谱快捷的生化免培养法.In the view of the specificity of microbial communities in pit mud during brewing process,different types of soil samples and common strains in liquor brewing were investigated to assess the fingerprints of phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA） of microbial communities in Luzhou flavor pit mud.The results suggested the composition and content of PLFA significantly affected by physiological and environmental conditions which resulted in the significant differences（P0.05） of PLFA fingerprints among the samples（the ratio of fungal/bacterial PLFA in garden and roadside soils were 0.30 and 0.66,respectively,which were both less than 1,the ratio in pit mud however was 1.17）.The content of special PLFA changed significantly（P0.05） when five pure cultured microorganisms were added.The content of a14：0 and a16：0 in pit mud adding SICC1.13 and CICC20633 were 1.44 and 9.92 times higher than those in blank respectively,while 18：2ω6,9 in SICC3398 and SICC31482 were 82.58 and 90.33 times higher than that in the blank.Furthermore,cy17：0 was identified in the pit mud adding DH5α.Principal component analysis（PCA） was performed to evaluate the changes of special PLFA’s composition and content in pit mud after adding the microorganisms.The results of this study demonstrated that PLFA fingerprint method was a fast biochemical culture-independent method,which was beneficial to characterize the fingerprints of microbial communities during liquor process.

关 键 词：磷脂脂肪酸 窖泥 微生物群落 指纹图谱 主成分分析 浓香型白酒 

分 类 号：TS261.1[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] Q547[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]