交流伺服系统无速度传感器模糊控制策略研究  

Research on the Sensorless Fuzzy Vector Control Strategy for AC Servo System

作　　者：李海侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《机床与液压》2013年第1期31-34,27,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(51175297);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2005ABA294)

摘　　要：永磁电机驱动伺服系统在提高机床加工能力方面表现出较高的潜力,目前工业普遍采用的PID控制系统不能自适应外界大干扰激励,在环境突变情况下控制效果差,影响工件加工质量。为解决这个问题,研究一种永磁电机驱动交流伺服模糊滑模变结构矢量控制系统。该系统采用id=0矢量控制策略,速度环应用等效滑模控制器来提高控制器自适应能力,并利用模糊控制优化滑模切换控制函数来消除滑模抖振;为了降低系统制造成本、减少系统结构复杂性,研究基于模糊观测器的伺服系统无速度传感器控制策略,利用模糊观测器从电机反电动势中提取转子位置和速度信号,从而省掉了传统的速度传感器。通过dSPACE半实物仿真平台对一台永磁同步电机(PMSM)进行实测,结果表明:所设计的交流伺服系统无速度传感器模糊控制策略能够在外界强烈干扰下自适应控制电机稳定运行,速度跟踪准确,鲁棒性好,控制性能比传统PID控制好。The application of permanent magnet synchronous motor （PMSM） can enhance the working ability of the machine tools. However, in the PMSM based servo system, it is difficult to establish accurate control mathematical model due to of the strong nonlinearity of the PMSM. Hence, traditional PID controller is hard to get satisfied control performance. In order to improve the con- trol efficiency of the AC servo system, the fuzzy logic based sensorless vector control method was presented. The id = 0 vector control scheme was adopted for the servo control, and the fuzzy-sliding model control （FSMC） was employed to track the servo speed at the speed loop. The fuzzy logic hereby was used to eliminate the buffeting problem of the sliding model. Moreover, to simplify the control system, the fuzzy observer based on rotor speed and position estimator was introduced to abandon the photoelectric speed encoder to form a sensorless control structure. The control experiments using the dSPACE simulation platform was established to evaluate and vali- date the proposed control method. The test results show that the proposed controller is effective for the AC servo system control under severe disturbance, and can follow the given position inference precisely. Additionally, the control performance of the proposed con- trol strategy is superior to the traditional PID and SMC controllers.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 交流伺服系统 无速度传感器 模糊控制 滑模控制 

分 类 号：TH133[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]