王阳明和胡塞尔的心学还原论——“重读王阳明”和“重读胡塞尔”  

A Comparative Study between Wang Yangming and Husserl——Regarding Ethical Subjectivism

作　　者：李幼蒸[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社科院世界文明比较研究中心,北京100005

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期9-24,共16页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：本文是作者有关王阳明心学实践伦理学和德国现代现象学哲学家胡塞尔的主体论的对比研究,目的是在作为中国仁学代表之一阳明实践心学和胡塞尔主体本位主义之间设定人类伦理学的共同根据:意志伦理学的认识论和实践论基础。作者认为在人类一切信仰和道德体系中,中国仁学表现出伦理学上最确当的立场,这首先是指人本主义主体内独立意志存在之肯定。但是无论是王阳明心学还是胡塞尔的主体学,都是在各自生存时代的具体历史环境中形成的,其各自的伦理学思想都与其他相关历史思想因素结合在一起。本文意图通过将两人各自的"心学伦理学核心"与各自的其他关联方面加以合理"分离",以突显主体的独立地位。本文所谓的"还原论",实即从各自论述话语系统中进行主题逐一"分离"之谓。对于王阳明,还原论主要指将其心学与儒教政治社会观和禅学宗教观的分离。对于胡塞尔,主要指将其本体论和其西方形上学和逻辑学体系加以分离。本文的论述属于此一比较研究的描述性初阶,用以作为今后仁学、阳明学、以及现象学伦理学进一步深入研究之准备。This paper attempts to more relevantly establish the both theoretical and pragmatic links between ancient Chinese phi- losopher Wang Yangming~ intuitive - pragmatic learning of subjectivity and modern western phenomenologist Husserl~ theoretical learning of subjectivity. The approach is arranged through a double reduction of the respective two philosophical systems to the similar inner core of human ethical practice -- the self- consciousness itself, including its most innate zone： the egoist source of will. Based on the interdisciplinary - cross - cultural operative position, the author intends to employ reducfionist method to epis- temologically go beyond the both metaphysical - transcendent and social - historically - determined backgrounds of the both learn- ing as well as to explore the empirical - positivist - humanist potential implied in these two great ethical thoughts in human histo-

关 键 词：致良知 主体性 还原论 意志论 自我学 

分 类 号：B13[哲学宗教—世界哲学]