四川省地震灾区婴幼儿营养改善研究  

Nutrition Improvement of Infants in Quake-stricken Areas of Sichuan Province

作　　者：刘祖阳[1] 颜玲[1] 吴婷[1] 兰真[1] 许毅[1] 林黎[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2013年第2期107-110,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会

摘　　要：目的采用婴幼儿辅食营养补充品(营养包)对6～24个月的婴幼儿进行干预,补充婴幼儿生长发育所需的营养素,减少婴幼儿疾病发生情况,改善地震灾区婴幼儿营养状况。探讨运用营养包改善婴幼儿健康的有效机制。方法采用营养包对项目县6～24月龄婴幼儿进行营养补充,实施营养宣教。项目干预周期18个月。对象为汶川、理县、茂县、青川与彭州(9个乡镇)6～24月龄的婴幼儿,共计8 700人。并选择了彭州与青川县进行营养包生物学监测,每县目标人群人数应对300名6～24个月婴幼儿进行监测,抽样方法以PPS的方式在干预的人群中来选择儿童,监测项目包括:身长、体重、血红蛋白。并对其中120人进行膳食问卷调查。干预前进行基线调查,每6个月进行1次生物学监测,直至食用营养包18个月后进行末次监测,共4次。结果从四川省5个县的营养包发放与依从情况来看,发放与依从率较好,发放率为93.52%,依从率为96.72%。第1次生物学监测(2010-05),两县儿童的生长发育迟缓都较高,11.99%,低体重为4.4%,消瘦为1.52%,缺铁性贫血患病率较高,44.31%。第2次生物学监测(2010-11),其生长发育迟缓、低体重、消瘦与第1次监测相比变化不大,但贫血率有明显的下降,由44.31%下降到29.45%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.85,P<0.01)。结论汶川地震灾区婴幼儿营养改善项目降低了儿童缺铁性贫血患病率,改善了项目区5个县婴幼儿的营养。Objective By intervening infants of 6 -24 months with supplementary food （nutritional packet） to im- prove the nutritional status of infants in stricken regions and to explore the pertinent effective mechanism for a- meliorating healthiness. Methods A total of 8 700 infants of 6 - 24 months in 5 quake - stricken regions were conducted intervention with nutrition supplement within 18months, among which subjects from Pengzhou city and Qingchuan county （300 for each） were sampled with PPS method and investigated with aspects as height, weight and hemoglobin; and further questionnaires were performed towards 120 cases. The investigations were conducted every 6 months and also at the end of 18 months＇ intervention. Results The bestowing rate was 93.5% and the compliableness rate was 96. 72%. Data from the first monitoring （May in 2010） showed that： rate of growth retardation, low weight emaciation were 11.99%, 4.4% and 1.52%, respectively; the second monitoring showed that （November in 2010 ） iron deficiency anemia rate decreased 29.45% with statistical difference （ 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The nutriture of by the nutrition supplement project, from 44.31% to x2 =26.85, P 〈 infants is improved especially on aspect of iron deficiency anemia.

关 键 词：四川地震灾区 儿童 营养 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]