模拟网络信息主动增加特征的决策过程研究  

Research on the Decision-making Process:Simulating "More Information" Options online

作　　者：曹宁宁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062 [2]东华大学心理健康教育与咨询中心,上海201620

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第2期440-445,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：与传统信息不同,网络信息具有可以主动增加的互动特征,本研究探讨这种特征对网络情境下决策加工过程的影响。通过改进的信息板技术追踪决策过程。实验一设置可否"主动增加信息"两种情境进行对照研究,发现引入主动增加功能后被试的搜索深度降低,先前知识的水平影响信息加工的模式;实验二设置可以连续要求增加信息的连续任务,比较不同的增加路径和选择阶段的影响,发现被试的搜索深度逐步降低,更多采用非补偿性的策略。两个实验均有超过半数的被试要求增加信息,连续任务有着32%的回头率,研究者推论在信息不断增加的情况下,被试的信息搜索行为更具选择性。It is a popular behavior that people can search for ＂more information＂ at will on the web. The ＂more information＂ option is one of the most important different characteristics between the online and traditional setting. Two experiments were conducted to explore the possible effects on the information processing process when the options of ＂more information＂ are provided. The Information Display Board （IDB） technique of process tracing research was applied in two experiments. There were four im- provements to the IDB in this study. 1. Subjects were able to respond consecutively along with more options for ＂more information＂. 2. Two new dependent indices were added to IDB ： the redundancy rate and repeat rate. 3. In some former domestic IDB design, the cells no longer shut down once they were clicked open. However, in this study the cells would be closed as soon as new cells were clicked open. 4. The researcher recorded the number of clicks and click - time of each cell in each board. Subjects were required to make purchase decisions from several USB flash drives and PowerPoint wireless presenters presented on the IDB. The tasks were designed on the computer by the Visual Basic. In Experiment 1, the option of ＂more information＂ was presen- ted on one group of the information boards, but was not presented on the other group. Each subject completed two groups of information boards. Six dependent indices were contrasted between the two groups. 68 undergraduates and graduates from Shanghai completed Ex- periment 1. The results showed that： 1 ） over half of subjects chose to see more information. 2） The search time and depth reduced sig- nificantly when they had the choice for more information. 3） There was a significant interaction between ＂whether can choose for more information or not＂ and the product type on the depth of search. Subjects who chose ＂ more information＂ in Experiment 1 were asked to continue to complete Experiment 2. The original board （stage 1,4 × 7 matr

关 键 词：信息主动增加 网络 决策过程 信息显示板 冗余度 回头率 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学]