舟山海域扁玉螺和玉螺食用价值评估  

Evaluation of Nutritional Composition in Nevertia didyma and Natica vitellus from Zhoushan Sea Area

作　　者：刘慧慧[1] 徐梅英[1,2] 吴常文[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院海洋科学学院国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316004 [2]浙江大海洋科技有限公司,浙江舟山316004

出　　处：《食品科学》2013年第5期228-231,共4页Food Science

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005013-05);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B08);国家星火计划项目(2012GA700111)

摘　　要：为评估舟山海域扁玉螺和玉螺的营养水平,确定其食用价值和养殖开发前景,采用常规营养指标测定方法对两种玉螺软体部分营养成分进行测定,分析比较一般营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物元素等组成,并对其营养成分进行评价。结果表明:扁玉螺和玉螺具有高蛋白低脂肪的特征,扁玉螺蛋白质总含量(以湿质量计)为19.34%,玉螺为15.55%,二者包括常见的18种氨基酸,其中8种人体必需氨基酸齐全,分别占氨基酸总含量的33.93%(扁玉螺)和36.19%(玉螺),两种玉螺中的4种鲜味氨基酸含量丰富,占氨基酸总量将近40%,扁玉螺的氨基酸比值系数分为51.59,玉螺为45.41;两种玉螺软体部分脂肪酸以不饱和脂肪酸为主(含量均超过60%),其中二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六稀酸(EPA+DHA)接近20%;两种玉螺软体部分K含量最高,其次为Mg;微量元素中Fe含量最高,其次为Zn,扁玉螺和玉螺的Zn与Cu质量比分别为3.39和5.05,Zn与Fe质量比分别为0.33和0.80,说明两种玉螺的Cu、Fe、Zn的比值较为合理。扁玉螺和玉螺均是营养价值较高的海水经济贝类,具有很高的食用价值及广阔的养殖前景和市场开发潜力。In order to evaluate the nutritional value and breeding development prospects,nutritional components in soft part of Nevertia didyma and Natica vitellus were determined using generic methods.The contents of general nutritional compositions,fatty acids,amino acids and mineral elements were analyzed and its nutrients are evaluated.Results showed that Nevertia didyma and Natica vitellus were nutrient-rich with high protein and low fat.The amino acid composition of soft part consisted of 18 common amino acids including 8 essential amino acids.The protein content calculated in wet samples were 19.34% in Nevertia didyma and 15.55% in Natica vitellus.The ratio between essential amino acids and total amino acids were 33.93% in Nevertia didyma and 36.19% in Natica vitellus.Four delicious amino acids were rich with content up to 40%.The coefficient of amino acids ratio was 51.59 in Nevertia didyma and 45.41 in Natica vitellus.Unsaturated fatty acids were abundant in two kinds of shellfish.EPA ＋ DHA accounted for higher than 60% of total UFA.The highest content of major metal elements was K,followed by Mg while Fe was the highest,followed by Zn.The ratio of copper,iron and zinc were reasonable that the values of Zn and Cu were 3.39 in Nevertia didyma and 5.05 in Natica vitellus,and the value of Zn and Fe were 0.33 in Nevertia didyma 0.80 in Natica vitellus.These results demonstrated Nevertia didyma and Natica vitellus were of higher nutritional value and presented broad breeding prospects and market development potential.

关 键 词：扁玉螺 玉螺 软体部分 营养成分 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]