香菇和平菇中几种重金属元素的质量分数及其健康风险评估  

Health risk evaluation on heavy metal concentrations in Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：张徐惠群[1] 杨暄[2] 马丽艳[1] 戴蕴青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100193 [2]海南大学食品学院,海口570228

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2013年第3期163-171,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31171675)

摘　　要：利用原子吸收光度法和原子荧光光谱法对香菇、平菇中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)的质量分数进行检测并统计其集中趋势,计算北京市居民对香菇、平菇中Pb、Cd和As的平均暴露量,并进行健康风险评估。结果表明:1)香菇中Pb、Cd和As的质量分数分别为0.600、0.287和0.102mg/kg;2)平菇中Pb、Cd和As的质量分数分别为0.514、0.089和0.134mg/kg;3)根据试验结果,计算出北京市居民香菇Pb、Cd和As的人均暴露量为0.170～0.219、0.082～0.107和0.027～0.042μg/d,平菇Pb、Cd和As的人均暴露量为0.173～0.262、0.027～0.050和0.041～0.074μg/d。香菇、平菇的Pb、Cd和As的质量分数对北京市居民的健康不构成威胁。4)浸泡和漂烫处理能够明显降低平菇中As的质量分数,但不能显著降低平菇中Pb、Cd的质量分数以及香菇中Pb、Cd和As的质量分数。Lead,cadmium and arsenic concentrations in Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus were detected by atomic absorption spectrum and atomic fluorescence spectrum.The average exposure of Beijing residents to above heavy metals by Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus was investigated and the corresponding health risks were evaluated.The results show that：1） In Lentinus edodes,heavy metal concentrations were 0.600 mg/kg for Pb,0.287 mg/kg for Cd and 0.102 mg/kg for As.2） In Pleurotus ostreatus,heavy metal concentrations were 0.514 mg/kg for Pb,0.089 mg/kg for Cd and 0.134 mg/kg for As.3） According to the result,for the residents in Beijing,the average exposure of lead,cadmium and arsenic from Lentinus edodes were 0.170-0.219,0.082-0.107 and 0.027-0.042 μg/d and that from Pleurotus ostreatus were 0.173-0.262,0.027-0.050 and 0.041-0.074 μg/d respectively.Lead,cadmium and arsenic concentrations in Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus did not exert negative effect on the health of the residents of Beijing.4） Soaking and water blanching could reduce the level of arsenic in Pleurotus ostreatus significantly,but not reduce lead and cadmium in Pleurotus ostreatus,as well as lead,cadmium and arsenic in Lentinus edodes.

关 键 词：香菇 平菇 PB CD As 质量安全 

分 类 号：S646.12[农业科学—蔬菜学] S646.14[农业科学—园艺学]