在含等量维生素E饲料中添加β-胡萝卜素和虾青素对仿刺参幼参抗应激能力的影响  

Effects of Addition of β-Carotene and Astaxanthin into Diet Containing Equal Vitamin E on Resistance to Stresses in Juvenile Sea Cucumber

作　　者：王吉桥[1] 樊莹莹 姜玉声[1] 张剑诚 宫德龙 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]山东济宁南阳湖农场,山东济宁270000 [3]大连棒棰岛海产有限公司,辽宁大连116026 [4]大连机械设备成套公司,辽宁大连116021

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2013年第2期29-34,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：辽宁省海洋与渔业厅项目(2011025)

摘　　要：在水温11.0～20.0℃、盐度35‰和pH值7.5的条件下,将初始平均体质量为3.46g的仿刺参(Aposticho-pus japonicus Selenka)幼参放养在容水300L的塑料水槽中,A组投喂含90mg.kg-1β-胡萝卜素+60mg.kg-1维生素E(VE)的饲料,B组投喂含60mg.kg-1虾青素和60mg.kg-1VE的饲料,以不添加上述3种物质的基础饲料作对照(C组)。饲养80d后,将A、B,及C组幼参直接放入盐度(用淡水和海水或加入海水晶,配制成盐度为0、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45,及50)、氨(用NH4Cl配制成氨浓度(NH3-N)0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0,及10mg.L-1)、温度(0、4、10、15、20、25、30、35,及40℃)急剧变化的1500mL的白色聚乙烧杯中,每个处理3个重复,测定存活率和体腔液中SOD活力等指标。应激处理期间,不投喂,24h换水一次并吸出排泄物。96h后,盐度、氨处理组的仿刺参存活率高于对照组,存活仿刺参体腔液中SOD活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05);但A、B组仿刺参在低温应激时,存活率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明:饲料中添加90mg.kg-1β-胡萝卜素+60mg.kg-1VE或60mg.kg-1虾青素+60mg.kg-1VE均能显著提高仿刺参对盐度和氨应激的抵抗能力(P<0.05),但抗低温应激的效果不显著(P>0.05)。Sea cucumber juveniles with initial body weight of 3.46 g were stocked into 300 liter plastic tanks and fed the diets contain- ing 90mg-kg-1β -carotene and 60mg-kg-1 vitamin E （VE） （group A）, or 60 mg-kg-1 astaxanthin and 60 mg-kg-1 VE （group B） （without supplementation as control group, group C） with triplicates at water temperature of 11.0-20.0℃, a salinity of 35, and pH 7.5 for 80 days. Then the sea cucumber juveniles being held in a 1500 mL beaker were directly exposed to abrupt changes in salinity （0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 prepared by fresh water, sea water or crystal salts）, in NH3-N （0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 10 mg ·L-1 prepared by NH4C1）, and in temperature （0, 4, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40℃ ） to evaluate the effects of dietary 13 -carotene, astaxanthin and VE on resistance to stresses in juvenile sea cucumber by monitoring survival and activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） for 96 h. There were higher survival rates under salt stress, and ammonia stress in the sea cucumber juveniles in groups A and B than those in the control group. The survivors of the sea cucumber juveniles fed the diets containing β -carotene, as- taxanthin and VE exposed to the ammonia stress showed significantly lower SOD activity than the sea cucumber in the control group did at all ammonia levels, indicating that the sea cucumber had enhanced anti-oxidation capability. But there were no significant differ- ences in survival rate in the sea cucumber fed the diets containing β -carotene or astaxanthin and VE exposed to lower thermal stress（P〈O.05）, showing that the sea cucumber had higher resistance to higher temperature stress.

关 键 词：仿刺参 Β-胡萝卜素 虾青素 生长 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]