20世纪上半叶我国中学《中国地理》教科书的发展——以商务印书馆出版的《中国地理》教科书为例  

Development of the Textbook of Geography of China in Secondary School in China(1902—1949): A Case Study of Textbooks Published by the Commercial Press

作　　者：何亚琼[1] 王民[1] 李振鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《教育学报》2013年第2期61-69,共9页Journal of Educational Studies

摘　　要：20世纪上半叶是我国政治、经济风云变化的重要时期,也是我国中学地理教育逐渐走向规范化、成熟化的关键阶段。将这段历史时期分为清朝末期、民国初期和国民政府时期三个阶段,并对每个阶段《中国地理》教科书的框架结构和内容表述进行分析,可以看到我国《中国地理》教科书从传统地方志大而全的思想中不断挣脱,逐步开始向现代教科书形式的转化。这种转化不仅表现在教科书内容的选择、表述中,也体现在图像和作业的类型、形式中。在这一过程中,地理教科书的"地理总论"部分分量减小,内容简化;"本国地理"初高中开始分化,区域思想加强;教科书的呈现日趋合理,图像增加显著。总体而言,本时期《中国地理》教科书的发展历程,一定程度上反映了中国地理教科书向真正现代意义的教科书迈进的步伐,具有深远的意义。The first part of the 20th century was a very important period of China＇s political and economic change, and it was also the key stage for the maturation and standardization of geography education in secondary school in China. The authors divided this period into three stages - the end of Qing dynasty, the beginning of the Republic of China and the period of National Government, and analyzed the textbook structure and content expression of Geography of China in each stage. The results show that during this period of time,textbooks of Geography of China broke away from the traditional chorography and trans- formed into the modern form gradually. Such transformation was not only displayed in the selection and expression of textbook content, but also reflected in the types and forms of images and assignment. The most important changes can be concluded as following： the contents of ＂Introduction of Geography＂ were decreased and simplified greatly; regional thought was strengthened and there was a differentiation be- tween junior high school and senior high school for the textbook of Geography of China; and the presenta- tion of textbook became more reasonable, and images increased significantly. Overall, the development of the textbook of Geography of China during the period, to a certain extent, could reflect the progress of transformation of China＇s geography textbooks towards the modern textbook used today, and have far- reaching significance.

关 键 词：中学地理 《中国地理》教科书 历史研究 

分 类 号：G423.3[文化科学—课程与教学论] G633.57[文化科学—教育学]