协作抑制的认知机制  

The Cognitive Mechanism of Collaborative Inhibition

作　　者：刘希平[1] 张环[1,2] 唐卫海[1] 冯虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学教育科学学院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2013年第5期792-799,共8页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究基金(11YJA190015);天津市十二五教育科学规划重点课题(CE2016);全国教育科学规划教育部重点课题(GOA107011)项目资助

摘　　要：协作抑制是指当人们在一个记忆小组中一起提取信息的时候,小组提取的信息总量比等量个体提取的信息总量要少。心理学研究者致力于从认知角度对该现象进行解释,主要的理论解释有提取策略破坏假说和提取抑制假说。前者认为小组成员的提取结果对组内其他成员的信息组织策略产生了干扰,导致小组的提取成绩低。而后者认为小组内成员的提取结果会抑制其他成员对非提取项目的表征,降低小组协作提取能力,出现协作抑制。本文对两种理论假说的提出背景,基本观点,证据支持及现有争论进行了介绍,同时指出了未来的研究应关注于对两种机制的关键矛盾点进行区别性检验、对不同认知机制在不同条件下成立可靠性的检验以及通过对编码阶段进行操控来进一步考察协作抑制的认知机制。The Collaborative Inhibition refers to that when individuals work together to retrieve information as a group, the collaborative group would recall less than the polled, non-redundant information recalled by the same number of individuals working alone （a nominal group）. Researchers try to explain the collaborative inhibition effect in cognitive views such as retrieval strategy disruption hypotheses and retrieval inhibition hypotheses. The article makes a special focus on those two hypotheses in the introduction part. We also convey an analysis of recent studies which support those hypotheses respectively in details. And this review pays attention to the researches which the two hypotheses cannot explain as well. Future studies should focus on： （1）Whether the retrieval strategy disruption or the retrieval inhibition contributes to the collaborative inhibition？ （2）Do the speaker＇s recall cause the listener＇s selective forgetting in a collaborative group？ （3）If we alter the conditions in the encoding phase, does the collaborative inhibition will remain stationary？ Does the extent of the collaborative inhibition change？ Future studies should also demonstrate the above two hypotheses and explain the cognitive mechanism of collaborative inhibition appropriately.

关 键 词：协作抑制 提取策略破坏假说 提取抑制假说 集体记忆 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]