大蒜多糖对慢性酒精中毒小鼠学习记忆能力的影响  

Influence of garlic polysaccharide in learning and memory abilities of mice with chronic alcoholism

作　　者：陈翠桃[1] 陈静[1] 吴伟青[1] 陈沿廷[1] 吴希阳[1] 李妙铿[1] 曾晓婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院营养学教研室,广东广州510632

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2013年第3期458-462,F0002,共6页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：国家科技部"863"项目资助课题(2007AA10Z340)

摘　　要：目的:探讨大蒜多糖(GPL)对慢性酒精中毒小鼠学习记忆能力的影响,阐明其对小鼠酒精性脑记忆损伤的保护作用及其机制,为开发治疗酒精性脑损伤的天然药物提供实验依据。方法:将94只昆明小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和GPL低、中和高剂量(150、200和250mg.kg-1.d-1)组,正常组小鼠14只,其余各组小鼠20只。采取剂量递增灌胃方法,用56°白酒建立小鼠慢性酒精中毒脑损伤模型,同时用不同剂量GPL灌胃进行干预。分别在实验第6周和第9周,采用Morris水迷宫实验测定小鼠定向导航和空间搜索,采用逃避潜伏期、目标象限停留时间和穿越平台次数评价小鼠学习记忆能力。10周后测定小鼠脑组织中乙酰胆碱酶(TChE)和单胺氧化酶(MAO)活性,光镜观察小鼠脑组织形态学改变。结果:实验第6周和第9周模型组小鼠Morris水迷宫实验逃逸潜伏期较正常组明显延长(P<0.05),第9周小鼠目标象限停留时间缩短、穿越平台次数明显减少(P<0.05);与正常组比较,第10周后模型组小鼠脑组织中MAO和TChE活性增强(P<0.05),脑海马C1区锥体细胞呈现排列不规则、数目减少、细胞固缩变形和细胞核深染难以辨别等病理形态学改变;GPL各剂量组与正常组比较,除GPL高剂量组小鼠实验第9周第2天逃避潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05),目标象限停留时间缩短和穿越平台次数减少(P<0.05)以外,其他指标与正常组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与模型组比较,GPL各剂量组小鼠第6周和第9周Morris水迷宫实验逃逸潜伏期缩短(P<0.05),第9周GPL中、低剂量组小鼠目标象限停留时间延长,穿越平台次数增加(P<0.05);10周后GPL各剂量组小鼠脑MAO和TChE活性较模型组降低(P<0.05),脑海马C1区椎体细胞病理形态改变较模型组明显改善,以GPL中剂量组改善效果最明显。结论:GPL对持续过量饮酒导致的小鼠学习记忆能力下降和脑细胞损伤具有拮抗作用,其机制与其�Objective To investigate the influence of garlic polysaccharide（GPL） in the learning and memory abilities of mice with chronic alcoholism,and to explain the protective effect and its mechanism,and to provide experimental basis for developing natural medicine for prevention and treatment for alcohol-related brain damage.Methods 94 Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,GPL low dose,GPL medium dose and GPL high dose（150,200,and 250 mg·kg-1·d-1） groups;there were 14 mice in normal group and 20 mice in the other each group.The mouse model of brain damage induced by chronic alcoholism was constructed by gastric perfusion of 56°spirit and then the mice were treated with different doses of GPL.Place navigation and spatial probe tests in Morris water maze（MWM） were conducted to detect the learning and memory abilities of mice according to their escape latencies,staying time in target quadrant,and times of crossing platform in the 6th and 9 th weeks.After ten weeks,the activities of acetylcholinesterase（TChE） and monoamine oxidase（MAO） in the brain tissue of mice were detected and the morphological changes of mouse brain tissue were observed by light microscope.Results Compared with normal group,the mice in model group had longer escape latency in the 6th and 9th weeks（P0.05）,less time in target quadrant and fewer times of crossing the platform in the 9th week（P0.05）.Compared with normal group,the activities of TChE and MAO in the brain tissue of the mice in model group were increased statistically（P0.05） and the cerebral hippocampal C1 area in model group showed more cell necrosis and edema after 10 weeks.Compared with normal group,the mice in GPL high dose group had longer escape latency,less time in target quadrant,fewer times of crossing the platform（P0.05） on the 2nd day in the 9th week while the mice in the other two GPL groups had no statistical differences（P0.05）.Compared with model group,the mice in three GPL groups had shorter escape latencies

关 键 词：大蒜多糖 慢性酒精中毒 学习记忆力 

分 类 号：R749.62[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]