酶法重组牛肉粒加工过程的风味变化  

Flavor Changes during the Processing of Enzymatic Recom binant Beef Granules

作　　者：张孝刚[1] 唐玲[1] 江霞 胡斌 朱秋劲 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院公共卫生学院,遵义563003 [2]贵州省农畜产品贮藏与加工重点试验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《食品工业》2013年第10期136-141,共6页The Food Industry

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合NY字(2009)3029号;黔科合NY字[2011]3099号)

摘　　要：用菠萝蛋白酶嫩化和TG酶交联的酶法改性技术，对酶法重组牛肉粒加工过程不同处理游离氨基酸（FAA）和挥发性风味物质的差异进行分析。结果表明：菠萝蛋白酶嫩化处理使原料肉中多数FAA含量有所增加，总量增加359．13mg／100g，并产生较多苦味氨基酸。同时，风味成分烷烃类34．44％14种、醇类2．40％2种增至53．18％16种、8．36％3种，酯类、醛类、酮类含量和种类均减少。TG酶的加入在一定程度上能够减少FAA的损失，而炒制使FAA含量普遍降低。嫩化交联4B与不嫩化不交联1B相比，主体风味由酯类37．45％、烃类25．30％变为酮类68．78％、烃类13．98％、醛10．79％。干制重组牛肉粒（样1～样4）风味均以酯类为主，分别为46．57％，43．72％，44．2％和43．37％，且醇类和吡喃类也比较突出，传统肉干以醚类为主41．58％．其次为烃类．醛粪比酶处理组突出．By using enzymatic modification technology cross linked of bromelain tenderized and TG ertzyme the differences of free amino acids （FAA） and volatile flavor compositions in different treatments of enzymatic recombinant beef granules processing were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of most FAA in raw meat tenderized by bromelain increased; the amount increased by 359.13 mg/100 g and more bitter amino acids were generated. Meanwhile, the flavor composition ofalkanes 34.44% 14; alcohols 2.40% 2 increased to 53.18% 16, 8.36% 3; the contents and species of esters, aldehydes and ketones reduced. TG enzyme added could reduce the loss of FAA, but its content is generally lower by stir-frying. Compared with no tendefization cross linked sample 1B, the main flavors of tendefization cross linked sample 4B were ~om esters of 37.45%, hydrocarbons of 25.30% to ketones of 68.78%, hydrocarbons of 13.98% and aldehydes of 10.79%. The main flavors of dried recombinant beef granules （samples 1-4） were esters, and were 46.57%, 43.72%, 44.2% and 43.37% respectively. The alcohols and pyrans were prominent as well. The flavors of traditional jerky were ethers of 41.58%, followed by hydrocarbons and the aldehydes were more prominent than the enzyme-treated group.

关 键 词：菠萝蛋白酶 谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TG酶) 酶法改性 重组牛肉粒 游离氨基酸(FAA) 风味 

分 类 号：TS251.52[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]