无信号控制公路交叉口行人死亡事故特征及机理  

Characteristics and Mechanism of Fatal Pedestrian Crashes at Unsignalized Highway Intersections

作　　者：谢晓莉[1] 刘洪启[2] 李平生[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]交通部公路科学研究院公路交通安全技术交通行业重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2013年第8期96-101,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：交通部西部交通建设科技项目(20113182231470);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2013G1211013)

摘　　要：为深入了解引发我国无信号控制公路交叉口行人死亡事故的根本原因,首先采用描述统计方法,分析事故在道路交通环境、车辆、行人和驾驶员等4方面17个因素上的分布特征。然后采用驾驶可靠性和失误分析方法(DREAM),分析摩托车直行、汽车直行和汽车左转3类事故的机理,归纳事故的主要影响因素。最后,根据事故特征和机理,分析总结目前在事故预防上存在的主要问题,提出解决思路。结果表明,安全设施缺乏、驾驶员培训不足和行人安全意识差是目前威胁我国无信号控制公路交叉口行人安全的3个主要问题。To better understand main factors affecting fatal pedestrian crashes at unsignalized highway intersections, descriptive statistics and DREAM were applied to analyze the fatal pedestrian crashes at unsignalized intersections in China. 17 variables of commonality among the crashes, as well as crash contributing factors and mechanisms for each crash type were identified based on vehicle trajectory and type. Based on that, the main issues related to accident prevention were analyzed, and solutions were proposed. The resuhs show that what threatens pedestrian safety at unsignalized highway intersections is limited inter- section safety facilities, inadequate driver training and inadequate pedestrian safety education.

关 键 词：交通安全 行人 死亡事故 交叉口 事故机理 驾驶可靠性和失误分析方法(DREAM) 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]