银杏叶发酵与未发酵提取物的抑菌活性研究  

Antimicrobial investigation of extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves fermentation and unfermentation

作　　者：詹欣[1,2,3] 辛敏[1,2] 王然[1,2] 王吉成[2,4] 刘轩[2] 唐涛[2] 唐劲天[2] 岳秉飞[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100102 [2]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [3]中国食品药品检定研究所,北京100050 [4]辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2013年第35期130-132,137,共4页China Medical Herald

摘　　要：目的对比银杏叶发酵与未发酵萃取物提取物的抑菌活性。方法利用冠突散囊菌在银杏叶培养基中发酵培养,将得到的发酵液以及未发酵的银杏叶水提物依次进行石油醚、乙酸乙酯的萃取,选取各部位提取物进行对指示菌种(枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌)进行药敏纸片法抑菌试验。选取未发酵部分乙酸乙酯提取物进行最小抑菌浓度的测定。结果银杏叶未发酵乙酸乙酯提取物对供试菌的抑制作用较显著,而且抑菌活性与样品浓度不成正相关。未发酵乙酸乙酯提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为:2.5、2.5、5.0、10.0 g/mL。结论银杏叶发酵与未发酵的乙酸乙酯提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌均有一定的抑制作用,而未发酵作用较明显。石油醚提取物在发酵前后抑菌活性变化不大。说明银杏叶中主要的抑菌成分存在于乙酸乙酯极性段,发酵过程中,由于微生物转化,造成银杏叶中抑菌活性成分减少。Objective To investigate antimicrobial activity of the semipurified fractions between Ginkgo biloba leaves fermentation and unfermentation.Methods The activated eurotium cristatum was inoculated into Ginkgo biloba leaves liquid medium,and the achieved fermentation liquid was fractionated by solvent partition using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate,meanwhile,unfermentation was also extracted by same reagents.The different fractions were used for bacteriostasis experiment.The unfermented ethyl acetate fraction was conducted with MIC test.The bacteria were bacillus subtilis （B.subtilis）,staphylococcus aureus（S.aureus）,escherichia coli（E.coli）,bacillus cereus（B.cereus）.Results The ethyl acetate extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves unfermentation liquid showed antimicrobial activity against tested mold,but it was not relevant to the concentration of extract.The MIC of the ethyl acetate extract of unfermentation was 2.5,2.5,5.0,10.0 g/mL on E.coli,S.aureus,B.subtilits and B.cereus.Conclusion There is certain bateriostasis effect of ethyl acetate extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves fermentation and unfermentation on B.subtilits,S.aureus,B.cereus and E.coli,but unfermentation part is significant.There are no significant differences between the petroleum ether extracts of fermentation and unfermentation.It confirms that most of components of bacteriostasis are soluble in ethyl acetate.The decrease of bacteriostatic activity is primarily the result of microbial metabolism.

关 键 词：银杏叶 冠突散囊菌 发酵 抑菌 乙酸乙酯提取物 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]