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作 者:师磊[1] 梁志宏[1] 徐诗涵 郑浩[1] 黄昆仑[1]
机构地区:[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083
出 处:《农业生物技术学报》2013年第12期1420-1425,共6页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology
基 金:中国农业大学基本科研费(No.2011K0805);北京市科技计划项目(No.D121100003112001和No.D121100003112004)
摘 要:赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)是一种由曲霉(Aspergillus spp.)和青霉(Penicillium spp.)等丝状真菌产生的次级代谢产物,主要污染谷物、葡萄(Vitis vinifera)、大豆(Glycine max)、咖啡(Coffea arabica)及其相关产品。动物实验表明,OTA具有肾毒性、肝毒性,致癌、致畸和致突变性,减少或消除食品及其原料中的OTA对国民食品安全至关重要。本研究以从动物粪便分离的芽胞杆菌(Bacillus spp.)为材料研究OTA的生物脱毒。结果显示,1株Bacillus spp.Sl-1既能吸附又能降解OTA:活菌和高温灭活菌(121℃,20 min)均能吸附OTA,OTA浓度为6μg/mL时,薄层层析(thin layer chromatography,TLC)测定24 h后高温灭活菌(121℃,20 min)的吸附量(80%)高于活菌(60%);菌液上清能降解OTA,OTA浓度为6.2μg/mL时,高效液相色谱(high-performance liquid chromatograpy,HPLC)测定24 h降解率为98%,没有降解产物产生。Sl-1在发霉玉米中OTA的降解率为35.0%。16S rRNA序列比对初步确定Sl-1为地衣芽胞杆菌(B.licheniforms)。本研究首次获得了1株既能吸附又能降解OTA的B.licheniforms,为OTA的生物脱毒提供了新材料。Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a secondary metabolite produced by filamentous fungi belonging to Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. . OTA can contaminate cereals, grapes(Vitis vinifera), soybeans(Glycine max), coffee(Coffea arabica) and related products. Animal experiments indicate that OTA is nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, carcinogenesis, teratogenicity and mutagenesis. It is essential to reduce or eliminate the OTA content in foods and their raw materials to the national food safety. In this study, one bacillus Sl-1, which could adsorb and degrade OTA in liquid media, was screened out from animal manure. Both viable and autoclaved (121 ℃, 20 min) cells of Sl-1 could bind OTA, moreover, at 6 μg/mL of OTA, autoclaved (121 ℃, 20 min) cells bound (80%) more OTA than that of viable cells (60%) by thin layer chromatography (TLC) after 24 h aerobic incubation. The cell-free supernatant of Sl-1 could degrade OTA, and at 6.2 μg/mL of OTA, the degradation rate was 98% by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after 24 h aerobic incubation and no degradation products were produced. In the moldy maize, the degradation rate of Sl-1 was 35.0%. With 16S rRNA gene sequence, Sl-1 was identified as B. licheniformis. It is the first time to obtain a strain of B. licheniforms which can adsorb and degrade OTA, and this research provides a new material for OTA detoxification.
分 类 号:TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]
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