蛹虫草在河南省的新发现、鉴定与特性  

New discovery,identification,and characteristics of Cordyceps militaris in Henan province

作　　者：李锋[1] 程雁[1] 冯菲[1] 宁萌[1] 陈晓飞[1] 孙玉飞[1] 周伏忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省微生物工程重点实验室,河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2014年第1期52-57,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省重点实验室建设专项项目(122300413214);郑州市科技计划普通公关项目(121PPTGG477)

摘　　要：在河南省汝阳县伏牛山区首次发现了蛹虫草的生长与分布．调查了蛹虫草的生长环境并对蛹虫草菌株进行了分离纯化、形态学观察和分子鉴定．结果表明，野生蛹虫草主要分布在山体的背阴面，寄生于针、阔叶混交林地表土层鳞翅目昆虫的蛹体上，子座呈1个或多个分支，长3～8cm，颜色呈橘黄至棕黄色，子囊壳丰富．分子鉴定表明，蛹虫草的ITS1—5．8SrDNA—ITS2序列长度为478bp，GC含量为56．4％．经GenBank数据库同源性检索比对，与蛹虫草有高度同源性，达到100％．分离自野生蛹虫草的菌株ycc—ry—01在大米综合培养基上只能形成原基，不能长出子座，而对照茵株ycc—jZC可以培养出子座；经液体发酵培养后的茵株yet—ry—01与对照菌株ycc—jZC均表现出纤溶活性，茵丝体提取液的活性大于发酵液的活性．It is reported firstly that we have newly discovered the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps mili- taris at Funiu Mountains in Ruyang county of Henan province. The growth environments of C. militaris were investigated. The isolate from wild C. militaris was identified by its morphological characteristics as well as by analysis of the ITS sequence. Moreover, artificial cultivation and fibrinolytic activity were determined for laying a foundation to utilize this precious resource. The results showed that wild C. militaris is mainly distributed in the shady side of the mountains, parasitizing in lepidoptera insect pupa and survived on the surface soil in mixed forests. The stroma characteristics of C. militaris are as fol- lows 3 -8 cm in length, from orange to brown in color, and with abundant perithecia. ITS1-5. 8SrDNA-ITS2 sequence of C. militaris is 478 bp in length, and GC content is 56.4% , which showed highly homology （reached 100% ） to the species of C. militaris in GenBank database. Meanwhile, the stroma of the isolate ycc-ry-01 from wild C. militaris can＇ t grow out on rice medium while that of the control strain ycc-jzc can grow up. Both isolate ycc-ry-01 and control strain ycc-jzc showed fibrinolytic activity, and the activity of mycelium extracts is higher that of the fermentation broth.

关 键 词：蛹虫草 新记录 人工培养 纤溶活性 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]