脱毒苦杏仁油脂肪酸组成及抗氧化稳定性研究  

Composition and anti-oxidation stability of fatty acids from detoxification bitter apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernel oil

作　　者：王海泽[1] 赵忠[1,2] 渠美[3] 朱海兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学西部环境与生态教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第1期72-77,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项"仁用杏精深加工技术研究与开发"(200904020)

摘　　要：【目的】测定脱毒苦杏仁油的脂肪酸组成,并研究光照、温度、抗氧化剂及其增效剂对苦杏仁油稳定性及货架期的影响,为开发苦杏仁食用油提供理论依据。【方法】采用气相色谱法,分析了甘肃庆阳脱毒后苦杏仁油的脂肪酸组成;然后利用Schaal烘箱法,以过氧化值(POV)为考察指标,研究了光照、温度、抗氧化剂及其增效剂对苦杏仁油抗氧化性能和货架期的影响。【结果】苦杏仁油含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸,总不饱和脂肪酸含量达957g/kg;光照、温度对苦杏仁油的氧化过程都有显著影响,但相对光照而言,温度的影响更为明显;叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对苦杏仁油具有较好的抗氧化效果,可以很好地延长油品的货架期,并与抗坏血酸(VC)和柠檬酸(CA)具有较好的协同增效作用;产业化生产中,考虑到国家标准对油脂货架期和油脂中抗氧化剂添加量的要求,确定抗氧化剂TBHQ的最适添加剂量为150mg/kg。【结论】脱毒后的苦杏仁油是营养价值丰富的植物油资源,可作为高档食用油开发利用,150mg/kg的TBHQ对苦杏仁油具有很好的抗氧化作用。[Objective] The aim of this study was to analyze the composition of fatty acids from bitter apricot kernel oil and studied the effects of temperature, light, antioxidants and synergistic agents on the stability and shelf life. [Method] First,the fatty acids composition of bitter apricot （Prunus armeniaca L. ） kernel oil from Gansu province was analyzed by gas chromatography. Secondly, the effects of temperature, light,antioxidants and synergistic agents on the stability and shelf life of bitter apricot kernel oil were ex- amined by deciding peroxide value （POV） using Schaal experiment. [Result] Bitter apricot kernel oil con- tained plenty of unsaturated fatty acids with a relative content of 957 g/kg. Oxidation of the oil was signifi- cantly affected by temperature followed by light. TBHQ had effective anti-oxidation effects on the oil, which improved the shelf life and had synergies with ascorbic acid and citric acid. The optimum adding quantity of TBHQ was 150 mg/kg considering the requirements of national standard to shelf life and a- mount of antioxidants. [Conclusion] Bitter apricot kernel oil had high nutritional value and could be used as high-grade edible oil. Adding 150 mg/kg TBHQ had good antioxidant effects on bitter apricot kernel oil.

关 键 词：苦杏仁油 脂肪酸组成 抗氧化性 

分 类 号：TS225.19[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]