特质焦虑个体诱发负性情绪时的抑制控制  

Inhibitory control on induced negative emotion in individuals with trait anxiety

作　　者：彭苏浩[1] 汤倩[1] 宣宾[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2014年第3期215-220,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171076)

摘　　要：目的:探讨高特质焦虑个体诱发负性情绪时的抑制控制能力。方法:使用特质焦虑问卷筛选出高、低特质焦虑大学生各30名[STAI-T常模分数为(41.2±7.6)分,高于常模1个标准差为高特质焦虑,低于常模1个标准差为低特质焦虑]。让被试观看一组负性情绪面孔图片诱发负性情绪后,采用数字Stroop任务和数字转换任务,通过反应时、Stroop冲突效应量、转换损失等指标考察特质焦虑个体认知加工速度和抑制控制能力。结果:诱发负性情绪下,数字Stroop任务中高特质焦虑情绪组反应时长于低特质焦虑情绪组[(779.3±51.6)ms vs.(703.7±49.8)ms,P<0.05],Stroop冲突效应量高于低特质焦虑情绪组,[(167.9±55.7)ms vs.(114±79.1)ms,P<0.001];转换任务中高特质焦虑情绪组反应时长于低特质焦虑情绪组,[1 151.7±15.8)ms vs.(1 029.9±21.3)ms,P<0.05],转换损失高于低特质焦虑情绪组[(290.7±27.3)ms vs.(211.7±18.6)ms,P<0.05]。结论:负性情绪诱发下,高特质焦虑情绪个体抑制控制能力下降,体现为对无关信息的干扰抑制能力以及对心理定势反应的抑制能力下降。Objective： The inhibitory control was an important factor of executive function. However, very little was known about the inhibitory control of ＂Cold＂ executive function in individuals with trait anxiety when negative e- motion was induced. The purpose of this study was to figure out the inhibitory control in individuals with high and low trait anxiety when negative emotion was induced. Methods： Before the experiments, 60 college students were as- sessed with the State-Trait Anxious Inventory （STAI） and divided into two groups with high （12 males, 18 females） and low （ 1 1 males, 19 females） trait anxiety. Those with STAI scores of one standard deviation higher than the STAI- T norm score （41.2 ±7. 6） were treated as low trait anxiety individuals and those with STAI scores of one standard deviation lower were treated as high trait anxiety individuals. Firstly, they were asked to watch a group of negative faces which selected from NimStim Face Stimulus Set, and then they were told to complete the counting Stroop task and Switching task~ The two tasks were designed to test the processing speed and ability of inhibitory control in both groups. In counting Stroop task, repeated measures were adopted in analyzing the time-processing data with group as a between-subjects variable, conflict situation as a within-subjects variable, reaction time （RT） and Stroop interference scores as dependent variables. In switching task, repeated measures were also adopted in analyzing the time-processing data with group as a between-subjects variable, task type and material type as within-subjects variables, RT and switc- hing costs as dependent variables. Results： Under the condition of negative emotion induced, the individuals with hightrait anxiety had longer RT than those with low trait anxiety in counting Stroop task [ （779. 3 ±51.6） ms vs. （703.7 ± 49. 8） ms, P 〈0. 05]. The individuals with high trait anxiety also had higher Stroop interference scores than those with low trait anxiety [

关 键 词：诱发负性情绪 特质焦虑 抑制控制能力 数字Stroop任务 转换任务 实验心理学 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学] R749.72[哲学宗教—心理学]