酸性离子液体催化大豆油酸解反应  

Acidolysis of soybean oil catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid

作　　者：柴小超[1] 马传国[1,2] 魏佳丽[1] 刘全亮[1] 王化林[1] 殷俊俊[1] 裴梦雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州450001 [2]小麦和玉米深加工国家工程实验室,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国油脂》2014年第3期50-53,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD02B01);河南工业大学研究生教育创新计划基金资助项目(2012YJCX26)

摘　　要：研究了酸性离子液体催化大豆油与辛酸、癸酸反应合成中长碳链结构脂的主要影响因素。对离子液体进行了筛选,考察了底物摩尔比(大豆油与辛酸癸酸混合物(摩尔比3∶1)摩尔比)、催化剂添加量、反应温度、反应时间对中碳链脂肪酸(MCFA)结合率的影响。以1-羧甲基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐为催化剂,利用单因素实验确定最佳反应条件为:底物摩尔比1∶8,催化剂添加量12%(以底物质量计),反应时间9 h,反应温度130℃。在最佳反应条件下,反应产物中MCFA的结合率为46.72%,辛酸、癸酸的结合率分别为30.04%、16.68%。通过考察辛酸、癸酸参与反应的难易程度可知,癸酸较辛酸更容易发生酸解反应。The main influencing factors of synthesizing rich in medium - and long - chain triglycerides via acidolysis of soybean oil, eaprylic acid and capric acid catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid were studied. The acidic ionic liquid was screened, and the effects of molar ratio of substrates （molar ratio of soybean oil to mixture of caprylic acid and capric acid）, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time on in- corporation rate of medium - chain fatty acid （MCFA） were investigated. The results showed that with [ AAMIM ] [ HSO4 ] as catalyst, the optimal reaction conditions were obtained by single factor experiment as follows：molar ratio of substrates 1：8, catalyst dosage 12% （based on the mass of substrates）, reaction time 9 h,reaction temperature 130 ℃. Under these conditions,the incorporation rate of MCFA in the reaction product was 46.72%, and the incorporation rates of caprylic acid and capric acid were 30.04% and 16.68% respectively. In addition, the acidolysis reaction of capric acid was easier than caprylic acid.

关 键 词：离子液体 固载 酸解反应 结合率 催化 大豆油 

分 类 号：TQ641[化学工程—精细化工]