高速列车过隧气压爆波的声学特征与传感器选型  

Acoustical characteristics of micro-pressure wave and sensor selection

作　　者：杨志刚[1] 谭晓明[1] 梁习锋[1] 任鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第4期1329-1333,共5页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005249;U1134203)

摘　　要：基于传感器的选型对气压爆波的测试结果有较大影响,利用实验结果研究不同速度级下气压爆波的时频特征。利用高阶谱差分的CAA数值仿真技术研究气压爆波的远近场特性变化规律。在此基础上,对比分析采用3种不同传感器测试结果的合理性和准确性,给出不同情况下传感器的选型规律。研究结果表明:气压爆波能量主要分布在次声波区域;隧道口外气动噪声源分布在2倍管口直径范围内;气压爆波在制定行业标准时需要综合考虑气压爆波幅值和频谱特性。The measurement results of micro-pressure wave can be easily changed when different types of pressure sensor used in scaled model and real train tunnel experiments. The time-frequency characteristics of micro-pressure wave were presented at different train speeds by using the experiments data. The CAA model with high-order spectral difference method was used to predict the wave radiation from tunnel portal. On this basis, the measurement results of micro-pressure wave by using three different types of sensors are checked and discussed which are useful for the sensor selection. The results show that micro-pressure wave energy is mainly distributed in the region of the infrasonic wave. The tunnel outlet aerodynamics noise source is mainly distributed within the scope of 2 times the pipe diameter. The amplitude and the frequency spectrum characteristics wave should be considered in formulating the micro-pressure wave industry standard.

关 键 词：气压爆波 传感器 高阶谱差分 计算气动声学 频谱特性 

分 类 号：U25[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]