面孔方向对自闭症儿童表情视觉搜索影响的眼动研究  

On the Eye Movement Involving the Effect of Face Directions on the Visual Expression Search in Children with Autism

作　　者：林云强[1] 刘宝根[1] 陈冠杏[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学杭州幼儿师范学院,杭州310012

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2014年第5期25-32,12,共9页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：2013年浙江省教育厅科研项目"学前融合教育中幼儿挑战性行为的功能特点研究"(项目批准号:Y201328488);2013年浙江省自然科学基金青年项目"学前儿童图画书阅读加工的眼动研究"(项目批准号:LQ13C09003);2013年浙江师范大学青年教师教学改革项目"拓展资源在‘特殊儿童发展通论’课程教学中的应用研究"(项目批准号:QN2013005)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：以自闭症儿童和智力发展水平相匹配的普通儿童各28名为被试,采用同一身份识别的表情图片群作为刺激材料,并借助分离式眼动仪采集和分析被试的眼动数据,探讨面孔方向对自闭症儿童表情视觉搜索的影响。结果发现:自闭症儿童和普通儿童对高兴表情目标的首进入时间都显著快于对愤怒表情目标的首进入时间;自闭症儿童在倒立面孔条件下对表情目标的首进入时间显著快于在正立面孔条件下的首进入时间;自闭症儿童在倒立面孔方向中对于高兴表情目标的首进入时间和正确反应时均显著快于愤怒表情。研究者认为:自闭症儿童面孔倒置效应的部分反转可能与其采用特征信息加工有关;自闭症儿童与普通儿童均存在正性情绪突显,对高兴表情存在知觉优势,且受面孔方向影响较小;面孔倒置效应研究对自闭症儿童的临床干预具有一定的启示作用。This study,by surveying 28 autistic children and 28 mentally developing children with facial expression-related pictures and the telemetric Eye Tracker,aims to probe into the effect of face directions on the visual expression search in autistic children. The results show the following： the children spend a shorter time on their first fixation on happy expressions than on angry expressions; the autistic children spend a significantly shorter time on their first fixation on facial expressions when the pictures are inverted;the autistic children spend a significantly shorter time on their first fixation on happy expressions than on angry expressions when the pictures are inverted. The study concludes the following： the autistic children show no face inversion effect,which may suggest that their facial expression cognition is associated with their processing of facial features; the two groups of children display a positive emotional＂pop-out＂effect in that they are adept at perceiving and processing happy facial expressions,and are not affected by face directions; the study of face inversion effect gives implications for interventions in autistic children.

关 键 词：自闭症儿童 面孔方向 面孔倒置效应 视觉搜索 眼动研究 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]