护理硕士研究生实习前后临床实践能力的调查分析  

Survey and analysis of clinical practical ability for nursing graduates before and after internship

作　　者：康凤英[1] 杨洋[2] 李颖芬[1] 闫丽娟[3] 赵静萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院护理部,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学护理学院,太原030001 [3]厦门大学附属眼科中心,361003

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2014年第20期2554-2557,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目（200810号）（02038）

摘　　要：目的：分析临床实习前后护理研究生的临床实践能力水平，筛查实践能力培养中的不足点，为完善研究生临床实践能力培养模式提供参考依据。方法对山西医科大学2008-2011级160名护理学硕士研究生实行“临床实践指导教师制”管理，根据实践要求设计《护理研究生临床实践记录手册》并应用于实践教学管理，应用“护理问题对应行动”（ OPSN）和“护理行为目标达成度”（ NPGA）两个量表进行实习前后临床实践能力的测评。结果临床实习后“OPSN”量表中的“组织、应用信息探索发现问题”“提供个性化护理解决患者问题”“为解决问题给患者心理支持”和“对已解决问题进行自我评价”4个维度得分分别为（20．28±2．78），（17．23±1．92），（26．81±2．59），（20．76±2．59）分，临床实习前得分分别为（17．82±3．47），（14．53±3．03），（24．82±3．44），（18．31±4．40）分，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为3．98，5．40，3．32，3．43；P＜0．05）；维度“为解决问题协调护患行为”临床实习前后得分分别为（16．76±2．72），（17．51±1．96）分，差异无统计学意义（t＝1．61，P＞0．05）。“NPGA”量表中“自主决策”“个性化护理”“促进患者理解/参与”“开放性交流”“个性尊重”“团队中工作角色”和“个人发展”7个维度得分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论现有临床教学环境下学生习得的临床实践能力与标准要求有差距，具有局限性，应针对临床实践能力薄弱项目开展专项培训。Objective To evaluate and analyze the clinical practical competence level of nursing graduates before and after internship and to screen its deficiency under current clinical practical ability training model and provide references for developing nursing graduates education of clinical practice ability and for improving clinical practical competence training pattern in clinical setting .Methods To implement the clinical practice guide tutor system to 160 graduate students in Shanxi Medical University from 2008 to 2011 , the students were asked to complete the clinical practical manual , which were designed to evaluate their clinical practical competence level using “OPSN” （ self-evaluation scale of oriented problem solving behavior in nursing practice） and “NPGA” （nursing practice goal attainment ）.Results In the dimension of “OPSN” scale, the scores of “to discover problems by organizing and applying information ” “to offer psychological support for patients problem solution” “to provide personalized care for patients” and “to evaluate for solved problems”were （20.28 ±2.78）, （17.23 ±1.92）, （26.81 ±2.59）, （20.76 ±2.59） after the internship, which were （17.82 ±3.47）, （14.53 ±3.03）, （24.82 ±3.44）, （18.31 ±4.40）, respectively, before the internship, and the differences were statistically significant （t=3.98, 5.40, 3.32, 3.43, respectively;P〈0.05）.The scores of “coordination of behavior between nurses and patients” were （16.76 ±2.72） and （17.51 ±1.96） before and after the internship, which had no significant difference （t=1.61, P〉0.05）.Each dimension of“NPGA” scale was not statistically significant before and after the internship （P〉0.05）.Conclusions There is still a gap between standard requirements and acquisition of practice ability under current clinical teaching environment .The project training for graduate students should be added according to the weak points in clinical practice ability training .

关 键 词：护理 研究生 临床实践能力 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G643[文化科学—高等教育学]