汉语听写障碍儿童的形音联结缺陷探因  

Explore the Cause of Verbal-visual Connection Deficits in Children with Chinese Dictation Difficulties

作　　者：刘议泽[1] 李燕[2] 刘翔平[1] 谭雅倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [2]四川省教育科学研究所,成都610000

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2014年第4期594-596,582,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：北京市十一五教育科学规划重点课题(ACA08019)

摘　　要：目的:探索汉语听写障碍儿童形音联结缺陷的原因。方法:从小学三、四、五年级共412名儿童中,筛选出听写障碍组儿童21名,同时选择年龄、智力水平、阅读水平相当的对照组儿童21名。采用变化检测范式,以符号、日文、韩文为视觉刺激材料;以单音节声音为听觉刺激材料,通过考察两组儿童在探测刺激正确捆绑、交换捆绑、形变捆绑、音变捆绑四种条件下的判断正确率,探索听写障碍儿童的形-音联结缺陷源于形音联结任务中的视觉加工缺陷、语音加工缺陷、还是跨通道的视听联结缺陷。结果:1在探测刺激正确捆绑和形变捆绑条件下,两组被试正确率差异没有统计学意义;2在探测刺激交换捆绑条件下,听写障碍组正确率显著低于对照组;3在探测刺激音变捆绑条件下,听写障碍组正确率低于对照组,达到边缘显著。结论:形音联结缺陷可能源于视听跨通道的联结缺陷和语音加工缺陷。Objective： Based on previous studies, children with Chinese dictation difficulties have verbal-visual cross- modal association deficits. The aim of this research was to explore the cause of verbal-visual cross-modal deficits in them. Methods： Totally 412 children recruited from a primary school took part in the screening tests for participants. Forty-two children took part in the experiment, including 21with spelling difficulties, and 21 age-, intelligence level-, and reading level-matched normal controls. Change detection paradigm was used. Symbols, Japanese hiragana, katakana, Korean alpha- bets were used as visual stimulus. Single syllable sound stimulus was used as verbal stimulus. In order to explore the cause of the visual-verbal association deficits, we compared two groups＇ accuracy rates of four probe stimulus types： right bound condition, exchanged bound condition, visual stimulus changed condition, and verbal stimulus changed condition. Results： （1）In the right bound condition and visual stimulus changed condition, the two groups showed no significant differences. （2） In the exchanged bound and verbal stimulus changed condition condition, the performances in the diction difficulties group were both poorer than the control group. Conclusion： Verbal-visual connection deficit in children with Chinese dictation difficulties may caused by the visual-verbal cross-modal association deficits and underlying phonological deficits.

关 键 词：听写障碍 形-音联结 变化检测范式 实验心理学 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]