高速列车车下设备模态匹配及试验研究  

Modal Matching between Suspended Equipment and Car Body of a High-speed Railway Vehicle and In-situ Experiment

作　　者：宫岛[1,2] 周劲松[2] 孙文静[2] 沈钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院,上海201804

出　　处：《铁道学报》2014年第10期13-20,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAG10B01-A03);中国博士后科学基金(2013M541538)

摘　　要：本文提出计算整备状态下高速列车车体垂向一阶弯曲模态频率的数值及解析方法,研究并阐释车下设备对整备状态下车体模态频率的影响机理。基于解析方法及隔振理论,提出车下设备与车体模态匹配原则,设计车下设备悬挂参数,并针对设计结果进行试验验证。结果表明,数值方法计算精度高,但不便于工程运用,而解析方法在保证计算精度的同时,能够直接运用于车下设备悬挂设计;相对于刚性吊挂而言,车下设备采用弹性吊挂时,整备状态车体的垂向一阶弯曲模态频率会得到明显提升;车体与车下设备模态频率的合理匹配可有效避免二者间共振的发生,针对所研究的高速车辆,当独立设备固有频率设计为6.5Hz时,设备自振频率能够与车体垂向一阶弯曲模态频率有效分开。在整个运行速度区间内,车辆可以获得良好的运行平稳性,同时车下设备振动亦不剧烈。The numerical method and the analytic method for calculating the first vertical bending frequency of a fully equipped high-speed railway vehicle were proposed respectively ,and the influencing mechanism of suspen-ded equipment on car body modal frequencies was studied .The principles of modal matching between suspen-ded equipment and car body were presented according to the analytic method and the vibration isolation theory , and the suspended parameters of equipment were designed and also verified by in-situ experiments .Results show as follows ：The numerical method has higher computational accuracy but is not convenient for engineering application w hereas the analytic method can obtain high computational accuracy and also can be directly used in design of suspended equipment ;compared with fixed equipment ,the first vertical bending frequency of the full-y equipped car body can be observably promoted with suspended equipment ;reasonable matching of modal fre-quencies between suspended equipment and car body can effectively avoid occurring of resonant vibrations be-tween them ;referring to the research object of high-speed railway vehicles ,when the natural frequency of the independent suspended equipment is designed at 6 .5 Hz ,the modal frequency of the equipment can be effective-ly separated from the first vertical bending frequency of car body ,and in the entire running speed range ,the ve-hicle can obtain good ride quality and the suspended equipment vibrations are not severe .

关 键 词：高速列车 弹性车体 模态频率 车下设备 模态匹配 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]