累积生态风险与青少年的学业和社交能力:子女责任感的风险补偿与调节效应  

Cumulative Ecological Risk and Adolescents' Academic and Social Competence: The Compensatory and Moderating Effects of Sense of Responsibility to Parents

作　　者：鲍振宙[1] 李董平[2] 张卫[1] 王艳辉[3] 孙文强[1] 赵力燕 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理学院暨心理应用研究中心,广州510631 [2]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [3]嘉应学院教育科学学院,梅州514015 [4]成都文理学院教育学院,成都610101

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2014年第5期482-495,共14页Psychological Development and Education

摘　　要：以613名青少年(平均年龄13.96岁,女生372人)为被试,考察子女责任感在累积生态风险与男、女生学业能力和社交能力关系中的风险补偿与调节效应。多重回归分析表明:(1)累积生态风险对男、女生的学业能力、社交能力都具有显著的负向预测作用;(2)子女责任感可以正向预测累积生态风险背景下女生的学业能力以及男生的社交能力,因此具有风险补偿效应;(3)子女责任感在累积生态风险与女生学业能力之间起"风险缓冲"作用,在累积生态风险与女生社交能力的关系中却具有"风险增强"作用,出现了"韧性代价"的现象;(4)子女责任感在累积生态风险与男生学业能力、社交能力关系中的调节效应均不显著。以上结果初步表明,某些处境不利儿童的健康发展可能存在代价,对逆境儿童的韧性发展可能不宜过分乐观。To investigate whether sense of responsibility to parents is a compensatory and a protective factor in the relations between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents＇ academic and social competence, a total of 613 adolescents （mean age = 13.96 years; 372 girls） participated in this study. Multiple regression analyses showed that ： （a） the cumulative ecological risk was negatively associated with academic competence and social competence in boys and girls. （b） Sense of responsibility to parents was positively related to girls＇ academic competence and boys＇ social competence, thus it was a compensatory factor in the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents＇ competence. （c） Sence of responsibility to parents buffered the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on girls＇ academic competence; however, it enhanced the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on girls＇ social competence. Thus, there was a cost of resilience. （d） The moderating effects of sense of responsibility to parents in the relations between cumulative ecological risk and boys＇ two domains of competence were not significant. In conclusion, there was a cost of resilience at least for some children, and we should not be over-optimistic about the resilience of adolescents experiencing severe adversity.

关 键 词：累积生态风险 子女责任感 学业能力 社交能力 韧性代价 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]