我国高校教育信息化重心转移:从硬技术向软技术创新  

Shifting the Focus of Our Higher Education Information Technology:From Hard Technology to Soft Technology Innovation

作　　者：张武威[1] 曾天山[2] 黄宇星[3] 

机构地区：[1]三明学院现代教育技术中心 [2]中国教育科学研究院 [3]福建教育学院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2014年第5期102-107,138,共7页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：全国教育科学"十二五"规划2011年度教育部重点课题(项目编号:DCA110192)

摘　　要：教育信息化建设是个复杂的系统工程,其硬件与软件等基础设施建设的先进性,未必代表其教育信息化建设的先进性。我们借助近年来国内外社会科学在"软技术"方面的研究成果,提出我国高校教育信息化的重心要从硬技术向软技术创新转移,使其"软硬"平衡,才能实现可持续发展。综观美国几次重大的"国家教育技术计划(NETP)",不难发现,美国教育信息化的重心已发生了重大转移,从重硬技术、硬环境建设转向重软技术、软环境建设。我们认为,我国高校信息技术未能有效变革教育的根本原因,在于长期缺乏对软技术创新的认识与研究,使得在教育信息化项目实施过程中,未能有效地将软技术创新应用于学校业务、流程和技术三者相结合的"预测建模"架构及制度创新之中。The informationization development of education is a complex system. The advanced infrastructure construction of hardware and software would not necessarily represent the advanced construction of educational information. With the help of domestic and foreign social science research in the ＂soft technology＂ in recent years, the paper points out that the focus of higher education information technology should shift from the hard technology to soft technology innovation to make it balanced for the sustainable development. After reviewing several major U. S. National Education Technology Plan （NETP）＂, it is not difficult to find that the focus of the U.S. educational information has changed from hard technology and hard environment to soft technology and soft environment. The reason of our colleges＇ failure on IT reformation is the long-time lack of awareness and research on soft technological innovation, which leads to the failure of soft technological innovation applied to the combined predictive modeling framework of school business, processes and technology.

关 键 词：教育信息化 硬技术 软技术 NETP 预测建模 制度创新 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]