三大件转向架摇枕纵向载荷的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Longitudinal Load on Bolster of Three-Piece Bogie

作　　者：杨亮亮[1] 罗世辉[1] 傅茂海[2] 孙树磊[2] 周尚书 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]南车北京二七车辆有限公司,北京100072

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2014年第5期62-69,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005190)

摘　　要：采用静力学推导计算方法和SIMPACK动力学仿真分析软件模拟车辆的冲击过程,研究车辆在连挂作业中摇枕可能受到的最大纵向载荷。研究结果表明:摇枕受到的纵向载荷峰值与心盘组成的承载状态、车钩冲击力、连挂速度、车辆总重和冲击模式有关;在允许的车辆安全连挂速度下,当多辆重车冲击空车时,虽然被冲击车冲击端处摇枕的纵向载荷峰值与垂向静载荷P的比值达到了0.8,但发生这种情况的概率非常小,而且规定的材料许用应力因与其疲劳极限相当而过于保守等因素,因此取消考核摇枕0.8P纵向载荷静强度试验的规定是合理的。The impact process of vehicle was calculated by statics deduction and simulated by dynamics analysis with SIMPACK software, and the possible maximum longitudinal load on the bolster in coupling operation was researched. The results indicate that the peak value of the longitudinal load on bolster varies with the bearing state of center plate, the impact force of coupler, coupling speed, the gross weight of vehicle and impact pattern. Under the allowable safe coupling speed, the ratio of the peak longitudinal load and the vertical static load P from the impact bolster of impacted cars can reach 0. 8, but this condition occurs rarely. Also the allowable stress of bolster material is too conservative, which is equivalent to the fatigue limit of bolster material. So it is reasonable to cancel the static strength test of the longitudinal load with O. 8P in relevant regulations.

关 键 词：摇枕 纵向载荷 货车转向架 车辆冲击 静力学计算 动力学仿真 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]