临床护士职业倦怠程度与针刺伤/锐器伤发生率的相关性研究  

Correlation Research between Nurses' Job Burnout Severity and Frequency of Needle Stick/Cut Injuries

作　　者：王锡唯[1] 徐军[1] 王春英[1] 杨益兰[1] 张佩君[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市第二医院护理部,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《护理学报》2014年第22期32-34,共3页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：浙江省康恩贝医院管理软科学研究项目(2012 ZHA-KEB323);宁波市科技局社会发展资助项目(201201C5010136)

摘　　要：目的探讨护士职业倦怠程度与针刺伤/锐器伤发生是否存在相关性。方法采用MBI-GS(Maslach Burnout Inventory-general Survey)工作倦怠量表及自制问卷对宁波市28家医院1 535名临床在职注册护士进行情绪衰竭程度及针刺伤/锐器伤发生率进行调查。结果本组临床护士重度情绪衰竭占71.6%,中、重度去人性化占34.1%、43.2%,低个人成就感占64.8%;81.3%的护士过去1年内发生过针刺伤,92.4%的护士发生过锐器伤。针刺伤发生率平均2.0次/(人·年),锐器伤平均7.5次/(人·年)。情绪衰竭与锐器伤呈正相关(r=0.220,P<0.05)。结论宁波地区临床护士职业倦怠处于中高度水平,针刺伤/锐器伤发生率呈中高水平,情绪衰竭程度与锐器伤发生存在相关性。Objective To explore the relationship between nurses ’ job burnout severity and needle stick /cut injuries. Methods MBI-GS job burnout questionnaire and a self-designed needle/cut injury questionnaire were delivered to 1,535 registered nurses from 28 hospitals then frequency of needle/cut injuries was calculated. Results Totally 71.6% of the nurses were with severe emotional exhaustion, 34.1% with middle level depersonalization, 43.2% with high level depersonalization, 64.8% of with low personal achievement. The average needle stick injury （NSI） rate was 2.0/nurse/year while cut injury rate 7.5/nurse/year. Of the total, 81.3% of the nurses experienced NSI and 92.4% sustained cut injuries in the past year. There was a positive relationship between cut injuries and emotional exhaustion （r=0.220, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Both job burnout and needle stick/cut injuries maintain in an average or above level. Emotional exhaustion is the main contributing factor to cut injury and is correlated to the incidence of cut injuries.

关 键 词：护士 职业倦怠 情绪衰竭 针刺伤 锐器伤 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]