基因工程及花色素合成途径在花色改良中的研究进展  

Progress of Flower Colour Modification by Genetic Engineering and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Pathway

作　　者：冯欢[1] 易姝利[1] 左佳琦 谢佳恒 黄萱[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,陕西省生物技术重点实验室,西安710069

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2014年第2期445-451,共7页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31300223);陕西省自然科学基金(2012JQ3003);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20126101120019);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目(教外司留[2013]693号);西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室(西北大学)开放基金;陕西省生物技术省重点实验室开发基金(12JS106);国家自然科学基金基地建设能力提高项目(J1210063)共同资助

摘　　要：随着经济的发展,转基因技术在花卉中的应用也越来越关键,通过基因工程使花色发生变化已经在商业中运用。生物碱类、胡萝卜素和类黄酮化合物等一类活性物质共同作用使植物的花色更具观赏性,目前,在花色改良上应用较多的是类黄酮色素,其研究机理也较为清楚。本文主要介绍了F3'5'H(类黄酮-3',5'-羟基化酶)和F3'H(类黄酮-3'-羟基化酶)的生物合成途径,阐述了基因工程技术对花色修改的作用,综述了目前花卉转基因工程的研究现状和花色素合成的主要途径及影响因素,同时简单介绍了目前改良花色的几种策略和就其存在的问题、发展前景做出了讨论。An important driving force for the floriculture industry is the development of novel plants and flowers. Genetically-modified, colour-altered varieties of the important cut-flower crop carnation have now been commercially available for nearly ten years. The transgenic technology is playing an important role in modification of flower color. Flavonoid, carotenoids and betalains contribute to the color of garden plants. Many researchers exploit knowledge of flavonoid biosynthesis effectively to obtain unique flower colors. In this review we mainly describe the flavonoid 3＇, 5＇-hydroxylase and flavonoid 3＇ hydroxylation enzyme biosynthesis pathways that have lead to the development of these varieties and how similar manipulations have been successfully applied to both pot plants and another cut-flower species, like the rose and the carnation. Some improved designs of several strategies, its existing problems and development prospects are introduced at the same time.

关 键 词：基因工程 花色 类黄酮 转基因 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]