不同数学焦虑成人的算术策略运用差异:ERP研究  

Differences of Arithmetic Strategy Use in Adults with Different Math Anxieties: An ERP Study

作　　者：司继伟[1] 徐艳丽[2] 封洪敏 许晓华[1] 周超[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014 [2]山东英才学院,济南250104 [3]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029

出　　处：《心理学报》2014年第12期1835-1849,共15页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31371048);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2010CM059);教育部人文社会科学研究基金一般项目(09YJAXLX014)资助;山东省强化建设重点学科"发展与教育心理学"专项经费资助

摘　　要：采用事件相关电位（ERP）技术和选择/无选法范式，在两位数加法心算和估算中，探索高、低数学焦虑个体的算术计算策略运用及其内在机制。行为结果：数学焦虑效应在策略运用的反应时和正确率指标上的差异都不显著；而脑电结果：高数学焦虑个体的 N400波幅显著高于低数学焦虑个体；选择条件中，估算与心算的数学焦虑效应的N100波幅差异；无选条件中，高低数学焦虑个体N1-P2复合波的波幅和潜伏期差异显著。数学焦虑效应在策略编码（0~250 ms）和策略选择/执行阶段（250 ms之后）存在差异。As one of the leading researching topics of contemporary cognitive science, strategy use depends on many factors, such as situation, problem characteristics, individual differences including math anxiety, etc. （Siegler, 2007 Vandierendonck, 2007）.Various theories on arithmetic anxiety have been proposed, however, the role of arithmetic anxiety in strategy utilization and its potential mechanism is still far from clear （Wang＆Liu, 2007）. The neural mechanism of arithmetic strategies utilization affected by math anxiety still needs further exploring. Event-Related Potentials （ERPs） is usually utilized in exploring brain mechanisms in arithmetic performance, and the choice/no-choice method is a standard method to obtain unbiased data about strategy utilization. In this study, we employed the ERPs and choice/no-choice method to investigate the influence of math anxiety upon individual strategy utilization during arithmetic processing. Revised Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale （R-MARS） and Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to test 154 students and 34 participants were picked and divided to two groups （17 high math anxiety and 17 low math anxiety）. Participants were required to finish the two-digit addition computational mental arithmetic and computational estimation based on applying the ERP technique to test the neurophysiologic activity in the choice/no-choice method. Three subjects were excluded by artifact rejection due to severe contamination （15 high math anxiety and 16 low math anxiety）. The experimental design was as following： 2 （computational estimation, mental arithmetic） ＆ 2 （high math anxiety, low math anxiety） ＆ 3 （free-choice condition, no-choice-1--mental arithmetic decomposition strategy/computational estimation rounding-up condition, no-choice-2--mental arithmetic decomposition strategy/computational estimation rounding- down condition）, and math anxiety was between-subject variable, task type and strategy choice conditions were within-subject variables. Beh

关 键 词：数学焦虑 心算 估算 策略运用 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]